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Diabetes mellitus gestacional

Última revisão: 21 Nov 2024
Última atualização: 06 Dec 2024

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • presença de fatores de risco (geralmente assintomáticos)
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • poliúria
  • polidipsia
  • macrossomia fetal em uma gravidez prévia
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • índice de massa corporal (IMC) elevado
  • diabetes gestacional pregressa
  • bebê macrossômico prévio
  • história familiar de diabetes mellitus
  • ascendência não branca
  • idade materna avançada (>40 anos)
  • síndrome do ovário policístico (SOPC)
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • teste oral de tolerância à glicose
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • glicose sanguínea (plasmática) aleatória
  • HbA1c
  • glicemia de jejum
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

Aguda

glicemia de jejum ≥7 mmol/L (≥126 mg/dL), ou 6 a 6.9 mmol/L (108-124 mg/dL) se houver feto grande/polidrâmnio

glicemia de jejum <7 mmol/L (<126 mg/dL) sem feto grande/polidrâmnio

trabalho de parto

Colaboradores

Autores

Eleanor Scott, BM, BS, MD, FRCP

Professor of Medicine (Diabetes and Maternal Health)

Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine

Leeds Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology

Leeds

UK

Declarações

ES has received honoraria for talks given by Abbott Diabetes Care and Lilly Diabetes Care. ES has received research grant support from Abbott Diabetes Care in conjunction with the Medical Research Council (MRC) through an MRC industry collaboration agreement - this has gone directly to her University of Leeds employer.

Rebecca Spencer, MBChB, BSc, MRCOG, PhD

NIHR Clinical Lecturer in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

University of Leeds

Leeds

UK

Declarações

RS is in receipt of a National Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Lectureship and an Academy of Medical Sciences Starter Grant. RS has acted as an unpaid consultant to Comanche Biopharma, who are developing a novel therapy for pre-eclampsia.

Agradecimentos

Dr Scott and Dr Spencer would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ellen W. Seely, Dr Chloe Zera, Dr Jeremy Soule and Dr Leonard E. Egede, previous contributors to this topic.

Declarações

EWS and CZ declare that they have no competing interests. JS has undertaken research support and speakers' bureau activity for Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, and Sanofi-Aventis. LEE is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Revisores

Helen Murphy, MBBch, BAO, FRACP, MD

Clinical Professor in Medicine (Diabetes and Antenatal Care)

University of East Anglia

Norwich

UK

Declarações

HM sits on the Medtronic (insulin pump and CGM manufacturer) European scientific advisory board. HM has received research support (CGM sensors and insulin pumps) at reduced cost from Medtronic, Dexcom, and Johnson & Johnson. MH has contributed to educational events sponsored by NovoNordisk, Medtronic, Dexcom, and Abbott Diabetes Care.

  • Diagnósticos diferenciais

    • Diabetes do tipo 1
    • Diabetes do tipo 2
    Mais Diagnósticos diferenciais
  • Diretrizes

    • Standards of care in diabetes - 2023
    • Diabetes in pregnancy: management from preconception to the postnatal period
    Mais Diretrizes
  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

    Diabetes that develops in pregnancy (gestational diabetes)

    Diabetes: what can I do to keep healthy?

    Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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