Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- presença de fatores de risco (geralmente assintomáticos)
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- poliúria
- polidipsia
- macrossomia fetal em uma gravidez prévia
Fatores de risco
- índice de massa corporal (IMC) elevado
- diabetes gestacional pregressa
- bebê macrossômico prévio
- história familiar de diabetes mellitus
- ascendência não branca
- idade materna avançada (>40 anos)
- síndrome do ovário policístico (SOPC)
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- teste oral de tolerância à glicose
Investigações a serem consideradas
- glicose sanguínea (plasmática) aleatória
- HbA1c
- glicemia de jejum
Algoritmo de tratamento
glicemia de jejum ≥7 mmol/L (≥126 mg/dL), ou 6 a 6.9 mmol/L (108-124 mg/dL) se houver feto grande/polidrâmnio
glicemia de jejum <7 mmol/L (<126 mg/dL) sem feto grande/polidrâmnio
trabalho de parto
Colaboradores
Autores
Eleanor Scott, BM, BS, MD, FRCP
Professor of Medicine (Diabetes and Maternal Health)
Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine
Leeds Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology
Leeds
UK
Declarações
ES has received honoraria for talks given by Abbott Diabetes Care and Lilly Diabetes Care. ES has received research grant support from Abbott Diabetes Care in conjunction with the Medical Research Council (MRC) through an MRC industry collaboration agreement - this has gone directly to her University of Leeds employer.
Rebecca Spencer, MBChB, BSc, MRCOG, PhD
NIHR Clinical Lecturer in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University of Leeds
Leeds
UK
Declarações
RS is in receipt of a National Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Lectureship and an Academy of Medical Sciences Starter Grant. RS has acted as an unpaid consultant to Comanche Biopharma, who are developing a novel therapy for pre-eclampsia.
Agradecimentos
Dr Scott and Dr Spencer would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ellen W. Seely, Dr Chloe Zera, Dr Jeremy Soule and Dr Leonard E. Egede, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
EWS and CZ declare that they have no competing interests. JS has undertaken research support and speakers' bureau activity for Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, and Sanofi-Aventis. LEE is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Revisores
Helen Murphy, MBBch, BAO, FRACP, MD
Clinical Professor in Medicine (Diabetes and Antenatal Care)
University of East Anglia
Norwich
UK
Declarações
HM sits on the Medtronic (insulin pump and CGM manufacturer) European scientific advisory board. HM has received research support (CGM sensors and insulin pumps) at reduced cost from Medtronic, Dexcom, and Johnson & Johnson. MH has contributed to educational events sponsored by NovoNordisk, Medtronic, Dexcom, and Abbott Diabetes Care.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Diabetes do tipo 1
- Diabetes do tipo 2
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- Standards of care in diabetes - 2023
- Diabetes in pregnancy: management from preconception to the postnatal period
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Diabetes that develops in pregnancy (gestational diabetes)
Diabetes: what can I do to keep healthy?
Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes- Conectar-se ou assinar para acessar todo o BMJ Best Practice
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