小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- presença de fatores de risco
- sintomas similares aos de outros no local de exposição
- tosse
- dispneia
- rouquidão ou disfonia
- cefaleia
- tontura
- taquipneia
- hipóxia
- queimaduras faciais
- edema das vias aéreas superiores
- estridor
- sibilância
- estertores
- perda de consciência
- convulsões
其他诊断因素
- taquicardia
- hipotensão
- náuseas
危险因素
- exposição conhecida à inalação
诊断性检查
首要检查
- oximetria de pulso
- gasometria arterial
- nível de CO-Hb
- radiografia torácica
- eletrocardiograma (ECG)
- monitorização cardíaca por telemetria
- exame toxicológico da urina
- nível sérico de etanol
需考虑的检查
- testes de função pulmonar (TFP)
- laringoscopia e broncoscopia
- lactato sérico
新兴检查
- nível de cianeto
治疗流程
todos os pacientes
撰稿人
作者
Jason T. Poston, MD
Associate Professor
Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Department of Medicine
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
JTP declares that he has no competing interests.
Cathryn T. Lee, MD, MS
Instructor
Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
CL has received grants from the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation.
鸣谢
Dr Jason T. Poston and Dr Cathryn T. Lee would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Matthew R. Stutz, Dr Karen C. Dugan, and Dr John P. Kress, previous contributors to this topic. We would like to gratefully acknowledge the late Dr Ian R. Driscoll, Associate Professor of Surgery and Anesthesiology at the University of Florida College of Medicine and Director of the UF Health Shands Burn Center, for his peer review of this topic in 2024.
利益声明
MRS, KCD, JPK, and IRD declared that they had no competing interests.
同行评议者
Leopoldo C. Cancio, MD
Critical Care Fellow
US Army Burn Center
US Army Institute of Surgical Research
Brooke Army Medical Center
Fort Sam Houston
TX
利益声明
LCC declares that he has no competing interests.
Rhys Thomas, MD
Honorary Consultant in Anesthesia and Intensive Care
Queen Victoria Hospital
East Grinstead
Honorary Consultant
Royal London Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
RT declares that he has no competing interests.
Brendan Madden, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCPI
Professor of Cardiothoracic Medicine
St George's Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
BM declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
参考文献
关键文献
Summerhill EM, Hoyle GW, Jordt SE, et al; ATS Terrorism and Inhalational Disasters Section of the Environmental, Occupational, and Population Health Assembly. An official American Thoracic Society Workshop report: chemical inhalational disasters. Biology of lung injury, development of novel therapeutics, and medical preparedness. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017 Jun;14(6):1060-72.全文 摘要
ISBI Practice Guidelines Committee, Steering Subcommittee, Advisory Subcommittee. ISBI practice guidelines for burn care. Burns. 2016 Aug;42(5):953-1021.全文 摘要
Anseeuw K, Delvau N, Burillo-Putze G, et al. Cyanide poisoning by fire smoke inhalation: a European expert consensus. Eur J Emerg Med. 2013 Feb;20(1):2-9.全文 摘要
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
鉴别诊断
- Asma
- Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC)
- Edema cardiogênico
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- Guideline for inhalation injury in burns patients. Adult guideline
- Management of airway burns and inhalation injury. Paediatric guideline
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