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Poison ivy, oak, and sumac

  • 概述
  • 理论
  • 诊断
  • 治疗
  • 随访
  • 资源
最后审阅： 1 Oct 2025
最后更新： 18 Nov 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • pruritus
  • blisters and vesicles
  • weeping, oozing, and crusting
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • previous exposure
  • breathing difficulties
  • generalized erythroderma
  • periorbital edema
  • systemic contact dermatitis
  • black-spot dermatitis
完整详情

危险因素

  • occupation that involves exposure to relevant trees and plants
  • outdoor activities
  • domestic pets and livestock
  • use of forestry equipment and machinery
  • smoke from burning Toxicodendron species
  • children
  • genetic susceptibility
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • clinical diagnosis
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • botanical identification
  • black-spot test
完整详情

新兴检查

  • patch test

治疗流程

初步治疗

immediate treatment postexposure

急症处理

mild dermatitis

moderate dermatitis

severe dermatitis

持续性治疗

chronic severe dermatitis from repeated exposure

撰稿人

作者

Marius Rademaker, BM FRCP, FRACP DM, FNZDSI

Honorary Associate Professor of Dermatology

Waikato Clinical Campus

University of Auckland

Hamilton

New Zealand

利益声明

MR declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Brian Swick, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor

University of Iowa College of Medicine

Iowa City

IA

利益声明

BS declares that he has no competing interests.

Christopher Lovell, MBBS

Consultant Dermatologist

Kinghorn Dermatology Unit

Royal United Hospital

Bath

UK

利益声明

CL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Guin JD, Beaman JH, Baer H. Toxic anacardiaceae. In: Avalos J, Maibach HI, eds. Dermatologic botany. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1999.

Rozas-Muñoz E, Lepoittevin JP, Pujol RM, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to plants: understanding the chemistry will help our diagnostic approach. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012 Jul-Aug;103(6):456-77.全文  摘要

Guin JD, Beaman JH. Toxicodendrons of the United States. Clin Dermatol. 1986 Apr-Jun;4(2):137-48. 摘要

Paniagua CT, Bean AS. Black-spot poison ivy: a rare phenomenon. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2011 Jun;23(6):275-7. 摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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