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Antraz

Última revisión: 20 Aug 2025
Última actualización: 03 Jun 2024

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • lesões cutâneas necróticas (cutâneo)
  • lesões indolores (cutâneo)
  • edema (cutâneo)
  • doença semelhante à gripe (inalação)
  • sintomas respiratórios (inalação)
  • ulceração orofaríngea (ingestão)
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • linfadenopatia
  • sinais de meningite
  • hipotensão
  • sintomas gastrointestinais (ingestão)
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • exposição ambiental
  • exposição ocupacional
  • terrorismo biológico
  • ingestão de carne malcozida
  • uso de heroína
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • cultura e coloração de Gram
  • reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real (RT-PCR)
  • sorologia
  • espectrometria de massa da toxina do fator letal (FL) do antraz
  • biópsia
  • Hemograma completo
  • radiografia torácica
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) do tórax
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

antraz cutâneo sem sinais/sintomas de meningite

antraz sistêmico com ou sem meningite

Colaboradores

Autores

Kari Simonsen, MD, MBA

Professor of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Omaha

NE

Divulgaciones

KS declares that she has organisational financial interests for sponsored clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer/BioNTech), investigational antibiotics (Melinta Therapeutics), and RSV vaccine (Sanofi/AstraZeneca), none of which are related to anthrax.

Clayton Mowrer, DO, MBA

Fellow

Division of Internal Medicine/Pediatric Infectious Diseases

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Omaha

NE

Divulgaciones

CM declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Kari Simonsen and Dr Clayton Mowrer would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Daniel Boyle, Dr Brian Wolf, Dr Teresa Zembower, and Dr Pavani Reddy, previous contributors to this topic.

Divulgaciones

DB, BW, TZ, and PR declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Timothy Benton, MD

Regional Chairman

Residency Program Director

Associate Professor

Family and Community Medicine

Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin

Odessa

TX

Divulgaciones

TB declares that he has no competing interests.

Raffaele D’Amelio, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine

Director: Unit Clinical Immunology and Allergy

Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine

Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea University Hospital

Rome

Italy

Divulgaciones

RD declares that he has no competing interests.

Ali Hassoun, MD, FACP, FIDSA, AAHIVS

Infectious Disease Specialist

Alabama Infectious Diseases Center

Huntsville

AL

Divulgaciones

AH declares that he has no competing interests.

Tim Brooks, MA, LMSSA, MB BChir, MSc, FRCPath, FRSPH

Head of Novel & Dangerous Pathogens

Novel and Dangerous Pathogens

HPA Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response

Salisbury

UK

Divulgaciones

TB declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Bower WA, Yu Y, Person MK, et al. CDC guidelines for the prevention and treatment of anthrax, 2023 MMWR Recomm Rep. 2023 Nov 17;72(6):1-47.Texto completo  Resumen

Bower WA, Schiffer J, Atmar RL, et al; ACIP Anthrax Vaccine Work Group. Use of anthrax vaccine in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2019. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2019 Dec 13;68(4):1-14.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Antraz images
  • Diferenciales

    • Furunculose bacteriana
    • Ectima gangrenoso
    • Orf (ectima contagioso)
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • CDC Yellow Book: health information for international travel - anthrax
    • CDC guidelines for the prevention and treatment of anthrax
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
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