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Amigdalite

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  • Descripción general
  • Teoría
  • Diagnóstico
  • Manejo
  • Seguimiento
  • Recursos
Última revisión: 15 Jan 2026
Última actualización: 30 Apr 2024

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • dor ao deglutir
  • febre (>38 °C [>100.5 °F])
  • exsudato tonsilar
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • início súbito de faringite
  • cefaleia
  • dor abdominal
  • náuseas e vômitos
  • presença de tosse ou coriza
  • eritema tonsilar
  • aumento tonsilar
  • aumento dos linfonodos cervicais anteriores
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • idade entre 5 e 15 anos
  • contato com pessoas infectadas em ambientes fechados (por exemplo, creche, escola, prisão)
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • cultura faríngea
  • teste rápido de detecção do antígeno estreptocócico
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • teste sorológico para estreptococos
  • contagem leucocitária total e diferencial
  • anticorpos heterófilos
  • culturas vaginais e cervicais (ou penianas) e retais
  • teste da carga viral do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
  • radiografia cervical de vista lateral, com exposição dos tecidos moles
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

amigdalite aguda não causada por infecção por estreptococos beta-hemolíticos do grupo A

amigdalite aguda causada por infecção por estreptococos beta-hemolíticos do grupo A

En curso

episódios recorrentes de amigdalite

Colaboradores

Autores

Christos Georgalas, PhD, DLO, FRCS (ORL-HNS)
Christos Georgalas

Professor of Surgery - Head and Neck

University of Nicosia

Cyprus

Divulgaciones

CG declares that he has no competing interests.

Eleftherios Margaritis, PhD, MSc, MD
Eleftherios Margaritis

Otolaryngologist - Head and Neck Surgeon

Collaborator in Otolaryngology

ENT Department

Hippokration University Hospital

Athens

Greece

Divulgaciones

EM declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Itzhak Brook, MD, MSc

Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine

Georgetown University

Washington

DC

Divulgaciones

IB declares that he has no competing interests.

Chris Del Mar, MB BChir, FRACGP MD, MA, FAFPHM

Dean

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine

Bond University

Gold Coast

Queensland

Australia

Disclosures

CDM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Shaikh N, Swaminathan N, Hooper EG, et al. Accuracy and precision of the signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis in children: a systematic review. J Pediatr. 2012 Mar;160(3):487-93. Abstract

Aalbers J, O'Brien KK, Chan WS, et al. Predicting streptococcal pharyngitis in adults in primary care: a systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of symptoms and signs and validation of the Centor score. BMC Med. 2011 Jun 1;9:67.Full text  Abstract

Spinks A, Glasziou PP, Del Mar CB. Antibiotics for sore throat. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Nov 5;(11):CD000023.Full text  Abstract

Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov 15;55(10):e86-102.Full text  Abstract

de Cassan S, Thompson MJ, Perera R, et al. Corticosteroids as standalone or add-on treatment for sore throat. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 May 1;5(5):CD008268.Full text  Abstract

Burton MJ, Glasziou PP, Chong LY, et al. Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non-surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Nov 19;(11):CD001802.Full text  Abstract

Windfuhr JP, Toepfner N, Steffen G, et al. Clinical practice guideline: tonsillitis II. Surgical management. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Apr;273(4):989-1009. Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Amigdalite images

  • Differentials

    • Mononucleose infecciosa
    • Epiglotite
    • Abscesso peritonsilar (esquinência)
    More Differentials

  • Guidelines

    • Clinical practice guideline: tonsillectomy in children (update)
    • Sore throat (acute): antimicrobial prescribing
    More Guidelines

  • Patient information

    Tonsilectomia (cirurgia para remover as amígdalas)

    Faringite

    More Patient information

  • Calculators

    Critérios de Avaliação e Tratamento da Faringite (McIsaac)

    More Calculators
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