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Síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico

Last reviewed: 22 Jul 2025
Last updated: 15 Nov 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • história de trabalhos repetitivos ou atividades/hobbies acima do nível da cabeça
  • dor nos membros superiores e áreas adjacentes
  • parestesias nos braços, nas mãos e/ou nos dedos
  • alterações circulatórias nos membros superiores
  • fadiga do membro superior
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • história de fratura clavicular
  • palpação da costela cervical
  • distensão da veia acessória subcutânea ao redor dos ombros (sinal de Urschel)
  • fraqueza motora
  • hiperidrose
  • atrofia muscular da eminência tenar
  • dor por esforço/claudicação
  • sopro sistólico supraclavicular
  • diferença na pressão arterial entre os membros
  • teste de Adson (escaleno) positivo
  • teste costoclavicular positivo
  • teste de hiperabdução positivo
  • teste de estresse com braço elevado positivo (teste de Roos)
  • teste de estiramento positivo
  • testes de tensão do membro superior positivos
  • manobra de Wright positiva
  • edema/inchaço dos membros superiores
Full details

Risk factors

  • costelas cervicais (parciais ou completas)
  • primeira costela anormal (hipoplásica) ou anormalidades ósseas
  • anomalias do desenvolvimento muscular (interdigitação, músculo escaleno mínimo)
  • bandas fibro-fasciais ou ligamentares
  • fraturas da clavícula ou da primeira costela
  • desenvolvimento excessivo dos músculos (musculação, trabalho pesado com membros superiores)
  • lesões traumáticas (chicote, lesões por distração dos membros superiores)
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • radiografia torácica
  • raio-X da coluna cervical
  • testes eletrodiagnósticos (velocidade de condução nervosa e eletromiografia)
  • ultrassonografia duplex
  • venografia contrastada, terapia direcionada por cateter
  • Angiotomografia
Full details

Tests to consider

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) do pescoço/clavícula/ombro
  • bloqueio do músculo
  • arteriografia convencional
  • angiografia por ressonância magnética (ARM)
  • venografia por ressonância magnética
  • Hemograma completo, coagulação e estudos de trombofilia
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

SDT neurogênica (SDTN)

síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico venosa (SDTv)

síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico arterial (SDTA)

neurovascular (combinada)

Contributors

Authors

Robert W. Thompson, MD

Center for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Department of Surgery (Section of Vascular Surgery)

Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital

St. Louis

MO

Disclosures

RWT is an author of several references cited in this topic, has co-authored articles with other authors on this topic, has contributed to educational events on this topic, has provided expert witness testimony on this topic, and has directed use of philanthropic funds received by Washington University School of Medicine to support staff for research on this topic.

Hugh A. Gelabert, MD

Division of Vascular Surgery

Gonda (Goldschmied) Vascular Center

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Los Angeles

CA

Disclosures

HAG is an author of several references cited in this topic, has co-authored articles with other authors on this topic, has contributed to educational events on this topic, has provided expert witness testimony on this topic, and has directed use of philanthropic funds received by University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine to support research on this topic.

Joep A. W. Teijink, MD

Department of Vascular Surgery

Catharina Hospital

Eindhoven

The Netherlands

Department of Epidemiology

CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care

Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences

Maastricht University

Maastricht

The Netherlands

Disclosures

JAWT is co-author of several references cited in this topic, has contributed to educational events on this topic, and has provided expert witness testimony on this topic. No financial disclosures.

Acknowledgements

Dr Robert W. Thompson, Dr Joep A.W. Teijink, and Dr Hugh A. Gelaber would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Chaney Stewman, Dr Marc I. Harwood, Dr Pedro K. Beredjiklian, Dr Peter C. Vitanzo, Dr Harold C. Urschel Jr, Rachel Montano, and Brenda Knee, previous contributors to this topic. CS is the author of a reference cited in this topic. MIH is the author of a reference cited in this topic. PKB has stock ownership in Wright Medical Inc. PCV is the author of a reference cited in this topic. HCU is an author of several references cited in this topic. RM and BK declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Ian Loftus, BSc, MB, ChB, FRCS, MD

Professor of Vascular Surgery

St. George's NHS Healthcare Trust

London

UK

Disclosures

IL declares that he has no competing interests.

Scott R. Laker, MD

Assistant Professor

University of Colorado School of Medicine

Aurora

CO

Disclosures

SRL is the author of a reference cited in this topic.

John A. Kern, MD

Chief

Cardiothoracic Surgery

University of Virginia School of Medicine

Charlottesville

VA

Disclosures

JAK declares that he has no competing interests.

References

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Key articles

Illig KA, Donahue D, Duncan A, et al. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2016 Sep;64(3):e23-35.Full text  Abstract

Vemuri C, McLaughlin LN, Abuirqeba AA, et al. Clinical presentation and management of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2017 May;65(5):1429-39.Full text  Abstract

Vemuri C, Salehi P, Benarroch-Gampel J, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of effort-induced thrombosis of the axillary subclavian vein due to venous thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2016 Oct;4(4):485-500.Full text  Abstract

George EL, Arya S, Rothenberg KA, et al. Contemporary practices and complications of surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome in the United States. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021 Apr;72:147-58. Abstract

Peek J, Vos CG, Ünlü Ç, et al. Outcome of surgical treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2017 Apr;40:303-26. Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico images
  • Differentials

    • Vasoespasmo, embolia ou insuficiência
    • Doença arterial coronariana (DAC)
    • Infarto do miocárdio
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  • Guidelines

    • Thoracic outlet syndrome part I: systematic review of the literature and consensus on anatomy, diagnosis, and classification of thoracic outlet syndrome by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies’ section of peripheral nerve surgery
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome part II: consensus on the management of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome by the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies' section of peripheral nerve surgery
    More Guidelines
  • Patient information

    Fenômeno de Raynaud

    More Patient information
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