Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- doença pulmonar subjacente
- tosse produtiva crônica
- dispneia
- perda de peso
- fadiga
- febre
- linfadenopatia
- imunocomprometido
- uso de banheira de hidromassagem
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- idade abaixo de 5 anos
- meia idade a idade avançada
- sudorese noturna
- dor abdominal
- diarreia
- roncos/estertores
- hepatomegalia
- esplenomegalia
- compleição magra
- péctus excavatum
- escoliose
- sopro e clique sistólico
Factores de riesgo
- doenças pulmonares subjacentes
- tabagismo
- uso excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas
- idade mais avançada
- uso de banheira de hidromassagem
- Vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)/síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS)
- imunossupressão grave
- defeitos de citocina genéticos
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- Hemograma completo com diferencial
- testes da função hepática
- radiografia torácica
- cultura de escarro
- hemocultura
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- rastreamento de tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução (TCAR)
- aspirado de medula óssea para cultura
- broncoscopia/lavagem brônquica
- biópsia pulmonar
- biópsia de linfonodos
Pruebas emergentes
- reação em cadeia da polimerase
Algoritmo de tratamiento
MAC pulmonar
MAC disseminado
Linfadenite por MAC
Pneumonite por hipersensibilidade por MAC
Colaboradores
Autores
Zelalem Temesgen, MD, FIDSA
Professor of Medicine
Director, Mayo Clinic Center for Tuberculosis
Director, HIV Program
Consultant, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mayo Clinic
Rochester
MN
Divulgaciones
ZT declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Temesgen would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Dereje S. Ayo, a previous contributor to this topic.
Divulgaciones
DSA declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Jonathan P. Parsons, MD
Assistant Professor
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
Ohio State University Medical Center
Columbus
OH
Divulgaciones
JPP declares that he has no competing interests.
Sandro Vento, MD
Director
Infectious Diseases Unit
Annunziata Hospital
Cosenza
Italy
Disclosures
SV declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV Medicine Association, and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Panel on Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV: Disseminated mycobacterium avium complex disease. 2024 [internet publication]Full text
Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, et al. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Feb 15;175(4):367-416.Full text Abstract
Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, et al. Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA clinical practice guideline. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 14;71(4):e1-36.Full text Abstract
Haworth CS, Banks J, Capstick T, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Thorax. 2017 Nov;72(suppl 2):ii1-64.Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Tuberculose pulmonar
- Outras micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT)
- Linfoma relacionado ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV
- Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in children with and exposed to HIV
More GuidelinesPatient information
Abandono do hábito de fumar
More Patient information
Log in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer