Avaliação da hiperprolactinemia

Last reviewed: 22 Dec 2025
Last updated: 17 Dec 2025

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Prolactinoma
  • Hipotireoidismo primário
  • Hiperprolactinemia induzida por medicamentos
  • Macroprolactinemia
  • Gestação
  • Hiperprolactinemia idiopática
Full details

Uncommon

  • Acromegalia
  • Massa hipotalâmica comprimindo o pedúnculo hipofisário
  • Síndrome da neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo I (NEM I)
  • Corte traumático do pedúnculo hipofisário
  • Hipofisite linfocítica
  • Hipofisite granulomatosa
  • Síndrome do ovário policístico
  • Doença renal crônica
  • Cirrose
  • Trauma ou cirurgia da parede torácica
  • Hiperprolactinemia ectópica
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Panagiotis Anagnostis, MD, MSc, PhD, FRSPH

Endocrinologist

Department of Internal Medicine

Medical School

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki

Greece

Disclosures

PA declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Panagiotis Anagnostis would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Faidon Harsoulis, a previous contributor to this topic.

Disclosures

FH declared that he had no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Nicholas A Tritos, MD, DSc

Associate Professor of Medicine

Harvard Medical School and Neuroendocrine Faculty Member

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston

MA

Disclosures

NAT declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

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Key articles

Mah PM, Webster J. Hyperprolactinemia: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Semin Reprod Med. 2002 Nov;20(4):365-74. Abstract

Gibney J, Smith TP, McKenna TJ. Clinical relevance of macroprolactin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Jun;62(6):633-43.Full text  Abstract

Petersenn S, Fleseriu M, Casanueva FF, et al. Diagnosis and management of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas: a Pituitary Society international consensus statement. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023 Dec;19(12):722-40.Full text  Abstract

Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88.Full text  Abstract

Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging; Burns J, Policeni B, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria(®) neuroendocrine imaging. J Am Coll Radiol. 2019 May;16(5s):S161-73.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Avaliação da hiperprolactinemia images
  • Guidelines

    • Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: part 2, specific diseases
    • Diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia in women: a position statement from the Brazilian Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) and the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM)
    More Guidelines
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