Summary
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presença de fatores de risco
- tosse
- doença semelhante à gripe (influenza)
- conjuntivite
- dispneia
- febre
- estertores, roncos
- sibilo
- murmúrios vesiculares reduzidos
- taquipneia
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- dor abdominal, vômitos, diarreia
- estado mental alterado
- convulsões
Factores de riesgo
- contato próximo com aves ou aves domésticas infectadas
- contato próximo com animais ou mamíferos infectados
- viagem recente a um país com surtos do vírus H5N1
- exposição ambiental ao vírus H5N1
- contato próximo com humanos infectados
- rotina laboratorial com o vírus H5N1
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- Hemograma completo com diferencial
- TFHs
- radiografia torácica
- oximetria de pulso
- coloração de Gram de expectoração
- cultura bacteriana do sangue e do escarro
- reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa em tempo real (rtRT-PCR)
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- cultura viral
Algoritmo de tratamiento
contato próximo de caso confirmado ou provável
infecção suspeitada ou provável ou confirmada
Colaboradores
Autores
Timothy M. Uyeki, MD, MPH, MPP
Chief Medical Officer
Influenza Division
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta
GA
Divulgaciones
TMU declares that he is an unpaid member and clinical Chair of the World Health Organization Guidelines Developmental Group: Clinical Management of Influenza Guidelines 2023-2024.
Agradecimientos
Dr Timothy M. Uyeki would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Justin R. Ortiz, a previous contributor to this topic.
Divulgaciones
JRO declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Richard Martinello, MD
Professor
Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven
CT
Divulgaciones
RM declares that he has no competing interests.
An De Sutter, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
Ghent University
Belgium
Divulgaciones
ADS declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on the use of antiviral medications for treatment of human infections with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe human disease. Sep 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus: interim recommendations for prevention, monitoring, and public health investigations. Dec 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on specimen collection and testing for patients with suspected infection with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe disease or with the potential to cause severe disease in humans. Sep 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
World Health Organization. Clinical practice guidelines for influenza. Sep 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance for follow-up of close contacts of persons infected with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe human disease or with potential to cause severe human disease, and use of antiviral medications for post-exposure prophylaxis. Aug 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
Diferenciales
- Doença do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19)
- Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade
- Pneumonia atípica
Más DiferencialesGuías de práctica clínica
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus: interim recommendations for prevention, monitoring, and public health investigations
- Interim guidance on the use of antiviral medications for treatment of human infections with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe human disease
Más Guías de práctica clínicaFolletos para el paciente
Pneumonia
Gripe
Más Folletos para el pacienteInicie sesión o suscríbase para acceder a todo el BMJ Best Practice
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