Avaliação da perda auditiva

Última revisión: 15 Jul 2025
Última actualización: 16 Jul 2024

Resumen

Differentials

Common

  • Impactação de cerume
  • Corpo estranho
  • Tumores benignos (por exemplo, exostose, osteoma, pólipos)
  • Otite externa não complicada
  • Otite média aguda
  • Otite média com efusão
  • Colesteatoma
  • Labirintite
  • Perda auditiva relacionada a ruído
  • Trauma do meato acústico externo
  • Complicação da meningite
  • Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)
  • Presbiacusia
Full details

Uncommon

  • Neoplasia do meato acústico externo
  • Otite externa necrosante
  • Perfuração da membrana timpânica
  • Fratura do osso temporal
  • Anormalidade de desenvolvimento isolada
  • Perda auditiva congênita
  • Síndrome de Alport
  • Síndrome de Jervell Lange-Nielsen
  • Anormalidades craniofaciais (por exemplo, síndrome de Pierre Robin, disostose craniofacial e acrocefalossindactilia)
  • Síndrome de Waardenburg
  • Neuroma acústico (schwannoma vestibular)
  • Tumor do glomo
  • Infecção por citomegalovírus (CMV)
  • Infecção por toxoplasmose
  • Infecção por sífilis
  • Doença de Paget
  • Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES)
  • Granulomatose com poliangiite (anteriormente conhecida como granulomatose de Wegener)
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Osteogênese imperfeita
  • Dissecção da artéria vertebral
  • Esclerose múltipla (EM)
  • Malformação de Arnold-Chiari
  • Neuropatia auditiva
  • Perda auditiva neurossensorial idiopática súbita
  • Medicamentos ototóxicos
  • Doença de Ménière
  • Hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal
  • Otosclerose
  • Doença autoimune da orelha interna
  • Fístula perilinfática
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Seth R. Schwartz, MD, MPH

Otolaryngologist (Otology/Neurotology)

Department of Otolaryngology

Virginia Mason Medical Center

Medical Director

The Listen for Life Center at Virginia Mason

Seattle

WA

Disclosures

SRS is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Acknowledgements

Dr S.R. Schwartz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr S.J. Marzo, Dr J.P. Leonetti, and Dr R.J. Buckingham, previous contributors to this topic. SJM, JPL, and RJB declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Alan Micco, MD, FACS

Assistant Professor

Department of Otolaryngology

Department of Neurosurgery

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Chicago

IL

Disclosures

AM declares that he has no competing interests.

George Browning, MD ChB FRCS (Ed & Glasg)

Professor of Otorhinolaryngology

MRC Institute of Hearing Research

Glasgow

UK

Disclosures

GB is an author of several books that include discussion of evaluation of hearing loss.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Chandrasekhar SS, Tsai Do BS, Schwartz SR, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss (Update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Aug;161(1_suppl):S1-S45.Full text  Abstract

Schwartz SR, Magit AE, Rosenfeld RM, et al. Clinical practice guideline (update): earwax (cerumen impaction). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Jan;156(1 Suppl):S1-29. Abstract

Tsai Do BS, Bush ML, Weinreich HM, et al. Clinical practice guideline: age-related hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 May;170 Suppl 2:S1-54.Full text  Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hearing loss in adults: assessment and management. Oct 2023 [internet publication].Full text

American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: hearing loss and/or vertigo. 2018 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Avaliação da perda auditiva images
  • Guidelines

    • Clinical practice guideline: age-related hearing loss
    • Hearing loss in adults: assessment and management
    More Guidelines
  • Patient information

    Infecção da orelha média

    Infecção da orelha externa

    More Patient information
  • Videos

    Como examinar a orelha

    More videos
  • padlock-lockedLog in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer