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Acantose nigricans

Última revisión: 18 Aug 2025
Última actualización: 13 Dec 2024

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • ascendência negra ou hispânica
  • novas lesões aveludadas pigmentadas nas axilas ou nas áreas flexoras
  • lesões distribuídas na parte posterior do pescoço, axilas, vulva, umbigo, parte interna das coxas e virilha
  • ganho de peso
  • distribuição generalizada
  • surgimento súbito de várias ceratoses seborreicas
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • idade >40 anos
  • criança/adulto jovem
  • sexo feminino
  • acrocórdones
  • distribuição acral
  • prurido
  • lesões nas mucosas e palmoplantares
  • perda de peso
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • obesidade
  • resistência insulínica
  • história familiar positiva de acantose nigricans ou síndrome genética
  • história familiar de diabetes mellitus
  • neoplasia maligna
  • medicamento
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • glicemia de jejum
  • insulina no sangue em jejum
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) abdominal
  • biópsia de pele
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

En curso

apresentação inicial com causa subjacente

não resolvida apesar do tratamento da causa subjacente, hereditária ou idiopática

Colaboradores

Autores

David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

Consultant Dermatopathologist

Southern California Permanente Medical Group

Sunset Medical Center

Los Angeles

CA

Divulgaciones

DSC declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr David Cassarino would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Laura Westerling for her contribution to this topic. LNW declares that she has no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Christine Ko, MD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology

Department of Dermatology

Yale University

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

CK declares that she has no competing interests.

John English, MBBS, FRCP

Consultant Dermatologist

Department of Dermatology

Queen's Medical Centre

Nottingham University Hospitals

Nottingham

UK

Disclosures

JE declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Das A, Datta D, Kassir M, et al. Acanthosis nigricans: a review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 Aug;19(8):1857-65. Abstract

Schwartz RA. Acanthosis nigricans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Jul;31(1):1-19. Abstract

Patel NU, Roach C, Alinia H, et al. Current treatment options for acanthosis nigricans. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018 Aug 7:11:407-13.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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