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Acantose nigricans

Last reviewed: 21 Jul 2025
Last updated: 13 Dec 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • ascendência negra ou hispânica
  • novas lesões aveludadas pigmentadas nas axilas ou nas áreas flexoras
  • lesões distribuídas na parte posterior do pescoço, axilas, vulva, umbigo, parte interna das coxas e virilha
  • ganho de peso
  • distribuição generalizada
  • surgimento súbito de várias ceratoses seborreicas
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • idade >40 anos
  • criança/adulto jovem
  • sexo feminino
  • acrocórdones
  • distribuição acral
  • prurido
  • lesões nas mucosas e palmoplantares
  • perda de peso
Full details

Risk factors

  • obesidade
  • resistência insulínica
  • história familiar positiva de acantose nigricans ou síndrome genética
  • história familiar de diabetes mellitus
  • neoplasia maligna
  • medicamento
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

Investigations to consider

  • glicemia de jejum
  • insulina no sangue em jejum
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) abdominal
  • biópsia de pele
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ONGOING

apresentação inicial com causa subjacente

não resolvida apesar do tratamento da causa subjacente, hereditária ou idiopática

Contributors

Authors

David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD

Consultant Dermatopathologist

Southern California Permanente Medical Group

Sunset Medical Center

Los Angeles

CA

Disclosures

DSC declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr David Cassarino would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Laura Westerling for her contribution to this topic. LNW declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Christine Ko, MD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology

Department of Dermatology

Yale University

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

CK declares that she has no competing interests.

John English, MBBS, FRCP

Consultant Dermatologist

Department of Dermatology

Queen's Medical Centre

Nottingham University Hospitals

Nottingham

UK

Disclosures

JE declares that he has no competing interests.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Das A, Datta D, Kassir M, et al. Acanthosis nigricans: a review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 Aug;19(8):1857-65. Abstract

Schwartz RA. Acanthosis nigricans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Jul;31(1):1-19. Abstract

Patel NU, Roach C, Alinia H, et al. Current treatment options for acanthosis nigricans. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018 Aug 7:11:407-13.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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