Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presença de fatores de risco
- uso de superfície de apoio que não oferece alívio da pressão
- alterações de pele localizadas em áreas sujeitas a pressão
- ferida superficial aberta ou perda de tecido em áreas sujeitas a pressão
- ferida com espessura total em áreas sujeitas a pressão, com ou sem descolamento (tunelização)
- ferida com espessura total, com envolvimento de tecidos importantes, em áreas sujeitas a pressão, com ou sem descolamento (tunelização)
- dor localizada e aumento da temperatura na área em torno da ferida
- aumento do exsudato e/ou odor fétido
Risk factors
- imobilidade
- deficiência sensorial
- idade avançada
- cirurgia
- internação em unidade de terapia intensiva
- desnutrição
- história prévia de úlcera por pressão
- fatores ambientais
- incontinência fecal ou urinária
- diabetes
- doença vascular periférica
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- diagnóstico clínico
Tests to consider
- swab de ferida
- Velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS)
- leucócitos
- glicose sérica
- biópsia de tecido profundo
- RNM
Treatment algorithm
todos os pacientes
Contributors
Authors
Dan R. Berlowitz, MD
Professor; Department of Public Health
University of Massachusetts-Lowell
Lowell
MA
Disclosures
DRB declares that he has no competing interests. DRB is the author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Acknowledgements
Dr Dan R. Berlowitz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Madhuri Reddy and Dr Stephen Thomas, the previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
MR is the author of a number of references cited in this topic. ST declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Jane Deng, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Los Angeles
CA
Disclosures
JD declares that she has no competing interests.
Keith Harding, FRCGP, FRCP, FRCS
Sub Dean of Innovation & Engagement
Head of Section of Wound Healing
School of Medicine
Cardiff University
Cardiff
UK
Disclosures
KH has worked in the area of wound healing for many years and has helped establish and sustain a section of wound healing in a university medical school. The school is entirely self-funded and receives funding from a wide range of commercial concerns in addition to the NHS and grant-giving bodies. The funding is provided to the University rather than to KH personally, and this funding is used to provide sustainability for a wide range of individuals employed within this section.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Forciea MA, et al; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Treatment of pressure ulcers: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Mar 3;162(5):370-9.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Отличия
- Dermatite associada à umidade
- Úlceras venosas
- Úlceras arteriais
More DifferentialsРекомендации
- Prevention and management of pressure ulcers
- Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers/injuries: clinical practice guideline
More РекомендацииЛифлеты для пациента
Úlceras de pressão
Больше Лифлеты для пациентаКалькуляторы
Escala de Norton para a estratificação do risco de ferida por pressão
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