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Hipotireoidismo central

Last reviewed: 16 Jul 2025
Last updated: 17 Jan 2023

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • fraqueza
  • fadiga
  • intolerância ao frio
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • redução da memória
  • constipação
  • cãibras musculares
  • ganho de peso
  • depressão
  • pele seca e áspera
  • oligomenorreia/amenorreia
  • bradicardia
  • redução dos pelos e cabelos
  • retardo do relaxamento dos reflexos tendinosos profundos
  • deficiência auditiva
  • expressão facial impassível
  • diabetes insípido (DI)
  • cefaleia
  • diplopia
  • redução da visão periférica
  • mamas atróficas
  • galactorreia
  • fácies de lua cheia
  • corcunda de búfalo
Full details

Risk factors

  • presença de lesões hipofisárias com efeito de massa
  • neoplasia endócrina múltipla (NEM) tipo I
  • irradiação da cabeça e do pescoço
  • lesão cerebral traumática (LCT)
  • idade entre 5 a 15 anos e 45 a 60 anos (craniofaringiomas)
  • idade 20 a 50 anos (prolactinomas)
  • idade 40 a 80 anos (adenomas hipofisários não funcionais)
  • sarcoidose
  • histiocitose
  • hemocromatose
  • Síndrome de Sheehan (necrose hipofisária pós-parto)
  • hipofisite linfocítica
  • história familiar de hipotireoidismo central
  • medicamentos anticonvulsivantes
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • tiroxina livre (T4L) sérica
  • hormônio estimulante da tireoide (TSH) sérico
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) da hipófise
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crânio
  • prolactina sérica (PRL)
  • cortisol sérico de manhã em jejum
  • testosterona sérica
  • gonadotrofinas séricas
  • análises genéticas
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ONGOING

todos os pacientes

Contributors

Authors

Angela M. Leung, MD, MSc

Associate Professor of Medicine

UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine

VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System

Los Angeles

CA

Disclosures

AML serves on the board of directors of the American Thyroid Association (ATA); speaks for China Merck; consulted for Vertice Pharma; and received article process charges paid on behalf of IBSA Institut Biochimique for an invited review article.

Acknowledgements

Dr Angela M. Leung would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Jacqueline Gilbert and Dr Rasa Zarnegar, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

JG and RZ declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

James Lee, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Endocrine Surgery

Columbia University

New York

NY

Disclosures

JL declares that he has no competing interests.

James V. Hennessey, MD

Director of Clinical Endocrinology

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Boston

MA

Disclosures

JVH declares that he has no competing interests.

Anthony Weetman, MD, DSc, FRCP, FMedSci

Sir Arthur Hall Professor of Medicine/Pro Vice Chancellor

University of Sheffield

Sheffield

UK

Disclosures

AW declares that he has no competing interests.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Persani L, Brabant G, Dattani M, et al. 2018 European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines on the diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism. Eur Thyroid J. 2018 Oct;7(5):225-37.Full text  Abstract

Garber JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Endocr Pract. 2012 Nov-Dec;18(6):988-1028. Abstract

Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the American Thyroid Association Task Force on Thyroid Hormone Replacement. Thyroid. 2014 Dec;24(12):1670-751.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Differentials

    • Hipotireoidismo primário
    • Doença não tireoidiana (DNT)
    • Deficiência de iodo
    More Differentials
  • Guidelines

    • Thyroid disease: assessment and management
    • Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism
    More Guidelines
  • Patient information

    Hipotireoidismo: perguntas a fazer ao seu médico

    Hipotireoidismo

    Mais Patient information
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