Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- dor inespecífica no local da infecção
- dorsalgia
- mal-estar e fadiga
- inflamação local, eritema ou edema
- febre baixa
- presença de fatores de risco
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- drenagem da ferida e/ou do trato sinusal
- amplitude de movimento reduzida
- sensação reduzida
- sintomas do trato urinário
- torcicolo
- deformidade dos membros
- sensibilidade à percussão
Factores de riesgo
- osteomielite prévia
- lesões penetrantes
- contaminação cirúrgica
- infecções distantes ou locais
- uso indevido de substâncias por via intravenosa
- diabetes mellitus
- periodontite
- imunocomprometimento
- anemia falciforme
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- contagem leucocitária
- velocidade de hemossedimentação
- proteína C-reativa
- radiografia simples da área afetada
- hemocultura
- ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) do osso
- biópsia dos ossos guiada ou biópsia dos ossos aberta
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- ultrassonografia
- Tomografia computadorizada (TC)
- cintilografia com radionuclídeos
- cintilografia óssea trifásica
- histologia
Algoritmo de tratamiento
suspeita de osteomielite periférica aguda: baixa prevalência de MRSA
suspeita de osteomielite periférica aguda: alta prevalência de MRSA
suspeita de osteomielite vertebral nativa aguda
suspeita de osteomielite aguda em pé diabético
osteomielite periférica aguda confirmada: adultos e crianças
osteomielite vertebral nativa aguda confirmada: adultos e crianças
osteomielite aguda confirmada no pé diabético: adultos e crianças
osteomielite crônica
Colaboradores
Autores
Tessa Gomez, MD
Attending, Department of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai Beth Israel
Associate Professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York
NY
Divulgaciones
TG declares that she has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Tessa Gomez would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Adrian Kendal, Dr Jamie Ferguson, Dr Tse Hua Nicholas Wong, Dr Bridget L. Atkins, Dr Martin McNally, Dr Jason H. Calhoun, Dr Nalini Rao, and Dr M.M. Manring, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
JF received a research grant in 2013 from Bonesupport AB, Lund, Sweden to collect data for a study on antibiotic carriers in osteomyelitis treatment. JF is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. BLA is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. MM is an executive board member of the European Bone & Joint Infection Society and the Girdlestone Orthopaedic Society. He has performed consultancy work for Bonesupport AB and the Oxford Bone Infection Consultancy. He has received travel expenses from Bonesupport AB and the AO Foundation to attend scientific conferences and symposia. He has received royalties from Oxford University Press for contributions to textbooks. MM is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. AK, THNW, JHC, NR, and MMM declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Kristine Johnson, MD
Assistant Professor
Infectious Diseases
Bayview Medical Center
Baltimore
MD
Divulgaciones
KJ declares that she has no competing interests.
Silvano Esposito, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Infectious Diseases
University of Naples
Naples
Italy
Disclosures
SE has been reimbursed for attending several conferences and received fees for speaking and running educational programs by Pfizer, Novartis, Wyeth Lederle, Sanofi Aventis, and GSK.
Edward Pesanti, MD
Professor of Medicine
Infectious Diseases Division
University of Connecticut Health Center
Hartford
CT
Disclosures
EP declares that he has no competing interests.
Differentials
- Artrite séptica
- Artrite idiopática juvenil
- Sinovite transitória
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2024 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
- ACR appropriateness criteria: suspected osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or soft tissue infection (excluding spine and diabetic foot)
More GuidelinesPatient information
Osteomyelitis
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