Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presença de fatores de risco
- comprometimento do estado mental
- torpor, fala indistinta, ataxia
- coma
- depressão respiratória
Other diagnostic factors
- redução dos reflexos tendinosos profundos
- nistagmo
- estimulação paradoxal
Risk factors
- depressão
- história de drogas ilícitas ou consumo de bebidas alcoólicas
- erro na administração do medicamento
- comorbidade
- interação medicamentosa
- suscetibilidade biogenética
- história de uso de benzodiazepínicos (BZDs)
- história de ingestão de vários medicamentos ou de substâncias desconhecidas
- comportamento ou ideação suicida
- idade avançada
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- oximetria de pulso
- Hemograma completo
- perfil bioquímico sérico com glicose sanguínea
- concentração plasmática de paracetamol
- etanol sérico
- exame toxicológico da urina
- eletrocardiograma (ECG)
Treatment algorithm
todos os pacientes
Contributors
Authors
Paul M. Gahlinger, MD, PhD, MPH

General Practitioner
Paradise Medical Group
Paradise
CA
Disclosures
PMG declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Linda Peng, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
HMC Improving Addiction Care Team (IMPACT) Lead
Oregon Health & Science University
Portland
OR
Disclosures
LP declares that she has no competing interests.
Kenneth Katz, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP
Emergency Medicine Physician
Lehigh Valley Physician Group
Allentown
PA
Disclosures
KK declares that he has no competing interests.
Ruben Thanacoody, MD, FRCP (Edin)
Consultant Physician/Honorary Senior Lecturer
Regional Drugs and Therapeutics Centre
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
UK
Disclosures
RT declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Klega AE, Keehbauch JT. Stimulant and designer drug use: primary care management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Jul 15;98(2):85-92.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Superdosagem de bebidas alcoólicas ou de medicamentos sedativos ou hipnóticos
- Hipoglicemia
- Hiponatremia
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence
- Deprescribing benzodiazepine receptor agonists: evidence-based clinical practice guideline
More GuidelinesPatient information
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