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Toxicidade por digoxina

Evidence last reviewed: 26 Jun 2026
Topic last updated: 31 Mar 2026

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • exposição à digoxina
  • sintomas gastrointestinais
  • sintomas do sistema nervoso central
  • sintomas visuais
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • probabilidade de suicídio
  • sintomas cardiovasculares
Full details

Risk factors

  • idade >70 anos
  • clearance renal diminuído
  • hipocalemia (<3.0 a 3.5 mmol/L)
  • uso concomitante de medicamentos específicos
  • hipomagnesemia
  • hipercalcemia
  • hipotireoidismo
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • eletrocardiograma (ECG)
  • concentração sérica de digoxina
  • nível de potássio sérico
  • nível de magnésio sérico
  • creatinina sérica e ureia
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

ingestão aguda, toxicidade baixa a moderada

ingestão crônica, toxicidade baixa a moderada

toxicidade grave ou comprometimento hemodinâmico (toxicidade aguda ou crônica)

ONGOING

toxicidade aguda ou crônica após início do tratamento

Contributors

Authors

Scott Phillips, MD

Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

University of Colorado

Denver

CO

Clinical Assistant Professor

Department of Pharmacy

University of Washington

Seattle

WA

Chief Executive Officer/Medical Director

Washington Poison Center

Seattle

WA

Disclosures

SP declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Scott Phillips would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Oladapo A. Odujube and Dr Robert S. Hoffman, previous contributors to this topic.

We would like to acknowledge our Emergency medicine (toxicology) expert panel member, Dr Silas Smith, for his contribution to this topic.

Disclosures

OAO and RSH declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Edward W. Boyer, MD

University of Massachusetts Medical School

Worcester

MA

Disclosures

EWB declares that he has no competing interests.

Ruben Thanacoody, MD, FRCP(Edin)

Consultant Physician and Clinical Toxicologist

National Poisons Information Service (Newcastle)

Newcastle-upon-Tyne

UK

Disclosures

RT declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Andrews P, Anseeuw K, Kotecha D, et al. Diagnosis and practical management of digoxin toxicity: a narrative review and consensus. Eur J Emerg Med. 2023 Dec 1;30(6):395-401.Full text  Abstract

Hack JB, Wingate S, Zolty R, et al. Expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of digoxin toxicity. Am J Med. 2025 Jan;138(1):25-33.e14.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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