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Demência vascular

Last reviewed: 19 Mar 2025
Last updated: 31 Dec 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • história de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)
  • dificuldade na resolução de problemas
  • apatia
  • desinibição
  • lentidão no processamento de informações
  • atenção prejudicada
  • deficit de memória de evocação
  • reflexos de liberação frontal
  • sinais neurológicos focais
  • marcha e equilíbrio comprometidos
Full details

Risk factors

  • idade >60 anos
  • obesidade
  • hipertensão
  • tabagismo
  • diabetes mellitus
  • hipercolesterolemia
  • abuso de álcool
  • doença renal crônica
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • Hemograma completo
  • velocidade de hemossedimentação
  • nível glicêmico
  • testes de funções hepática e renal
  • cianocobalamina (vitamina B12)
  • folato
  • função tireoidiana
  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) cerebral
  • eletrocardiograma (ECG)
  • exame neuropsicológico
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • sorologia para sífilis
  • teste de anticoagulante lúpico, de antifosfolipídeos e de fator antinuclear
  • ultrassonografia duplex das carótidas
  • ecocardiograma
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ONGOING

doença isquêmica aterosclerótica

doença cardioembólica

Contributors

Authors

Peter Passmore, BSc, MB, BCh, BAO, MD, FRCP (Lond, Glasg), FRCPI

Professor of Ageing and Geriatric Medicine

Queen's University Belfast

Belfast

UK

Disclosures

PP declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Peter Passmore would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr David Wilson, Dr Grant Bateman, and Dr Velandai Srikanth, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

DW has received educational grants from Shire. GB and VS declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Roy J. Goldberg, MD, FACP, AGSF, CMD

Medical Director

Kings Harbor Multicare Center

New York

NY

Disclosures

RJG declares that he has no competing interests.

Craig N. Sawchuk, PhD

Affiliate Assistant Professor

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

University of Washington Medical Center

Seattle

WA

Disclosures

CNS declares that he has no competing interests.

Bryan Bernard, PhD

Assistant Professor and Clinical Neuropsychologist

Department of Neurological Sciences

Rush University Medical Center

Chicago

IL

Disclosures

BB declares that he has no competing interests.

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