Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- mal-estar/fadiga pós-esforço (PEM; exaustão por esforço)
- fadiga incapacitante persistente
- disfunção cognitiva
- faringite
- cefaleia
- alteração do sono
- intolerância ortostática
- dor e hiperalgesia
- linfonodos sensíveis à palpação
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- idade de início (adolescência e 30-50 anos)
- sintomas tipo gripe (mal-estar, mialgia, sensação de febre)
- ansiedade, transtorno afetivo
- sensações de temperatura alterada ou febril
- sensibilidade a substâncias irritantes
Fatores de risco
- sexo feminino
- Infecção por Epstein-Barr em adolescentes
- doença do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19)
- história familiar positiva de EM/SFC
- fatores genéticos
- doenças infecciosas específicas em adultos
- autoimunidade
- disfunção do microbioma intestinal
- transtorno depressivo maior
- ascendência
- hipermobilidade/frouxidão articular
- achados cardíacos
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- Questionário de sintomas DePaul
- hemograma completo com diferencial de leucócitos
- velocidade de hemossedimentação
- proteína C-reativa
- perfil metabólico completo
- hormônio estimulante da tireoide
- fator antinuclear (FAN), fator reumatoide
- exame de anticorpo anti-HIV (vírus da imunodeficiência humana)
Investigações a serem consideradas
- teste da mesa inclinável com a cabeça para cima em caso de intolerância ortostática sintomática
- ferritina sérica
- HbA1c
- exame toxicológico da urina
- testes de anticorpos para sensibilidade ao glúten/doença celíaca
Novos exames
- teste ergométrico de 2 dias
Algoritmo de tratamento
todos os pacientes
Colaboradores
Autores
James N. Baraniuk, MD
Professor
Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy
Georgetown University
Washington
DC
Declarações
JNB has received research funding from the Gulf War Illness Research Program and the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program. He has received travel grants from the Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Illness. He is an author of one reference cited in the topic.
Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik, PhD, BSc, BSc Hons
Program Director for Disability and Rehabilitation
Director for National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases
Menzies Health Institute Queensland
Griffith University
Gold Coast
Australia
Declarações
SM-G is listed either directly or indirectly with two patent applications relating to identifying, screening, diagnosing, or managing/treating people with ME/CFS and long COVID, respectively. She has received several national and international grants with financial support as contracted through Griffith University. She has been a member of the Center for Scientific Review Special Emphasis Panel for ME/CFS at the National Institutes of Health, a reviewer for the Medical Research Council for ME/CFS, UK and Canadian Health for the ME/CFS Research Program. She is a board member of the International Association for ME/CFS, US. Non-reimbursed activities include several lectures on ME/CFS and a role as a lecturer at Griffith University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queensland, Australia. She has been contacted by the National Academies Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to complete a comprehensive report on ME/CFS, long COVID, and their similarities extending to the impact on society. She declares that her participation in this document was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. She is an author of several recent abstracts and publications on ME/CFS and long COVID.
Natalie Eaton-Fitch, PhD, BHSc, BBiomedSc (Hons)
Post-doctoral Research Fellow
National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases
Menzies Health Institute Queensland
Griffith University
Gold Coast
Australia
Declarações
NE-F is listed either directly or indirectly with two patent applications relating to identifying, screening, diagnosing, or managing/treating people with ME/CFS and long COVID, respectively. She receives funding from the Stafford Fox Medical Research Foundation, Australia, and has been contacted by the National Academies Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to complete a comprehensive report on ME/CFS, long COVID, and their similarities extending to the impact on society. She declares that her participation in this document was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Agradecimentos
Dr James N. Baraniuk would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Craig N. Sawchuk and Dr Dedra Buchwald, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
CNS declares that he has no competing interests. DB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. This topic was reviewed in 2018 by a patient with ME/CFS, and their feedback was considered as part of the topic update. The patient peer reviewer does not wish to be named.
Revisores
Alastair Santhouse, MA (Cantab), MB, B.Chir, FRCP, FRCPsych
Consultant Psychiatrist in Psychological Medicine
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
Denmark Hill
London
UK
Declarações
AS declares that he was a guideline development group member for NICE ME/CFS 2007 guidelines CG53.
Ben Z. Katz, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Infectious Diseases
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Attending Physician
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago
Chicago
IL
Declarações
BZK declares that he has no competing interests.
Indre Bileviciute-Ljungar, MD, PhD
Associated Professor in Rehabilitation Medicine
Department of Clinical Sciences
Danderyd University Hospital
Karolinska Institutet
Stockholm
Sweden
Declarações
IB-L declares that he has no competing interests.
Tarek Gaber, MB, BCh, MSc, FRCP
Consultant Physician in Rehabilitation Medicine
Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust
Leigh Infirmary
Leigh
UK
Declarações
TG declares that he has no competing interests.
Malcolm Hooper, PhD, B Pharm, MRIC, C Chem
ME patient advocate
Emeritus Professor of Medicinal Chemistry
University of Sunderland
Sunderland
UK
Declarações
MH has lectured on ME and made national and international presentations to groups concerned with ME in Denmark, Sweden, Australia, US, and UK. He has acted as a witness for the GMC (UK) and received payment for this (travel and subsistence). He has also received payment from a family he supported in legal proceedings relating to vaccine damage, after the case was settled in their favour. He is a founder member of the Academy Of Nutritional Medicine, which has a special interest in Lyme disease. Their guidelines mention ME/CFS several times. He has given their keynote address for 3 years. He is the author of the paper Hooper M. Myalgic encephalomyelitis: a review with emphasis on key findings in biomedical research. J Clin Pathol. 2007;60:466-71. He is a member of the trustees for the John Richardson Research Group and the ME research group. He is also a trustee of European Services for People with Autism (ESPA) and a member of ESPA-Research, which is developing techniques to help with this condition. All of this work is voluntary.
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