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Câncer de testículo

Last reviewed: 15 Jan 2026
Last updated: 04 Mar 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • idade entre 20 e 34 anos
  • massa testicular
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • manifestação extratesticular
Full details

Risk factors

  • criptorquidia
  • disgenesia gonadal
  • história familiar de câncer de testículo
  • história pessoal de câncer de testículo
  • atrofia testicular
  • etnia branca
  • Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
  • exposições ocupacionais
  • hérnia inguinal
  • anormalidade genética
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • ultrassonografia com Doppler colorido do testículo
  • exame de imagem torácica
  • Tomografia computadorizada de abdome e pelve com contraste
  • gonadotrofina coriônica humana beta sérica (beta-hCG)
  • alfafetoproteína sérica (AFP)
  • lactato desidrogenase (LDH) sérica
  • exame histológico da massa testicular pós-orquiectomia
Full details

Tests to consider

  • fosfatase alcalina placentária sérica
  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) abdominal e pélvica
  • TC do tórax
  • biópsia do testículo contralateral
Full details

Treatment algorithm

INITIAL

massa testicular suspeita

ACUTE

seminoma em estádio inicial

não seminoma em estádio inicial

ONGOING

seminoma ou não seminoma: doença em estádio IIC ou estádio III

seminoma ou não seminoma: doença recidivante

Contributors

Authors

Al B. Barqawi, MD, FRCS

Professor of Surgery/Urology

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Aurora

CO

Disclosures

ABB declares that he has no competing interests.

Corbin J. Eule, MD

Assistant Professor of Medical Oncology

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Aurora

CO

Disclosures

CJE declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Al B. Barqawi and Dr Corbin J. Eule would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Elizabeth R. Kessler, Dr Thomas W. Flaig, and Dr Brandon Bernard, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

ERK, TWF, and BB declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Elisabeth Heath, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine and Oncology

Karmanos Cancer Institute

Wayne State University

Detroit

MI

Disclosures

EH declares that she has no competing interests.

Gianfilippo Bertelli, MD, PhD, FRCP (Edin)

Consultant/Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

SW Wales Cancer Institute/Department of Oncology

Singleton Hospital

Sketty

Swansea

UK

Disclosures

GB declares that he has no competing interests.

Emilio Porfiri, MD, PhD

Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

School of Cancer Sciences

University of Birmingham

Birmingham

UK

Divulgaciones

EP declares that he has no competing interests.

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Referencias

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Artículos principales

Stephenson A, Bass EB, Bixler BR, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of early-stage testicular cancer: AUA guideline amendment 2023. J Urol. 2024 Jan;211(1):20-5.Texto completo  Resumen

European Association of Urology. Testicular cancer. 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

Oldenburg J, Berney DM, Bokemeyer C, et al. Testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: ESMO-EURACAN clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Apr;33(4):362-75.Texto completo  Resumen

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: testicular cancer [internet publication].Texto completo

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: staging and surveillance of testicular cancer. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

Gillessen S, Sauvé N, Collette L, et al. Predicting outcomes in men with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT): results from the IGCCCG update consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2021 May 10;39(14):1563-74.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Câncer de testículo images
  • Diferenciales

    • Torção testicular
    • Epidídimo-orquite
    • Hérnia escrotal
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: testicular cancer
    • Diagnosis and treatment of early stage testicular cancer
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
  • Folletos para el paciente

    Câncer de testículo

    Câncer de testículo: perguntas a fazer ao seu médico

    Más Folletos para el paciente
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