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Câncer de testículo

  • Overview
  • Theory
  • Diagnosis
  • Management
  • Follow up
  • Resources
Last reviewed: 17 Aug 2025
Last updated: 04 Mar 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • idade entre 20 e 34 anos
  • massa testicular
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • manifestação extratesticular
Full details

Risk factors

  • criptorquidia
  • disgenesia gonadal
  • história familiar de câncer de testículo
  • história pessoal de câncer de testículo
  • atrofia testicular
  • etnia branca
  • Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
  • exposições ocupacionais
  • hérnia inguinal
  • anormalidade genética
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • ultrassonografia com Doppler colorido do testículo
  • exame de imagem torácica
  • Tomografia computadorizada de abdome e pelve com contraste
  • gonadotrofina coriônica humana beta sérica (beta-hCG)
  • alfafetoproteína sérica (AFP)
  • lactato desidrogenase (LDH) sérica
  • exame histológico da massa testicular pós-orquiectomia
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • fosfatase alcalina placentária sérica
  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) abdominal e pélvica
  • TC do tórax
  • biópsia do testículo contralateral
Full details

Treatment algorithm

INITIAL

massa testicular suspeita

ACUTE

seminoma em estádio inicial

não seminoma em estádio inicial

ONGOING

seminoma ou não seminoma: doença em estádio IIC ou estádio III

seminoma ou não seminoma: doença recidivante

Contributors

Authors

Al B. Barqawi, MD, FRCS

Professor of Surgery/Urology

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Aurora

CO

Disclosures

ABB declares that he has no competing interests.

Corbin J. Eule, MD

Assistant Professor of Medical Oncology

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Aurora

CO

Disclosures

CJE declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Al B. Barqawi and Dr Corbin J. Eule would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Elizabeth R. Kessler, Dr Thomas W. Flaig, and Dr Brandon Bernard, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

ERK, TWF, and BB declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Elisabeth Heath, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine and Oncology

Karmanos Cancer Institute

Wayne State University

Detroit

MI

Disclosures

EH declares that she has no competing interests.

Gianfilippo Bertelli, MD, PhD, FRCP (Edin)

Consultant/Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

SW Wales Cancer Institute/Department of Oncology

Singleton Hospital

Sketty

Swansea

UK

Disclosures

GB declares that he has no competing interests.

Emilio Porfiri, MD, PhD

Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

School of Cancer Sciences

University of Birmingham

Birmingham

UK

Раскрытие информации

EP declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

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Основные статьи

Stephenson A, Bass EB, Bixler BR, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of early-stage testicular cancer: AUA guideline amendment 2023. J Urol. 2024 Jan;211(1):20-5.Полный текст  Аннотация

European Association of Urology. Testicular cancer. 2024 [internet publication].Полный текст

Oldenburg J, Berney DM, Bokemeyer C, et al. Testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: ESMO-EURACAN clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Apr;33(4):362-75.Полный текст  Аннотация

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: testicular cancer [internet publication].Полный текст

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: staging and surveillance of testicular cancer. 2021 [internet publication].Полный текст

Gillessen S, Sauvé N, Collette L, et al. Predicting outcomes in men with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT): results from the IGCCCG update consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2021 May 10;39(14):1563-74.Полный текст  Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

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