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Alopecia areata

Última revisão: 21 Jul 2025
Última atualização: 23 Sep 2022

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • queda de cabelos
  • alopecia não cicatricial
  • fios em pontos de exclamação
  • pele subjacente normal em áreas calvas
  • depressões nas unhas
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • autoimunidade
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • doença autoimune
  • história familiar de doença autoimune
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • diagnóstico clínico
  • teste de tração (pull test) positivo
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • biópsia de pele
  • tricoscopia
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

queda de cabelos limitada (tratamento desejado)

queda de cabelos limitada (nenhum tratamento desejado)

CONTÍNUA

queda de cabelos extensa (tratamento desejado)

queda de cabelos extensa (nenhum tratamento desejado)

Colaboradores

Autores

Fong Seng Lim, MBBS, MMed (FM), FAMS

Senior Consultant

Department of Family Medicine

National University Health System

Singapore

Declarações

FSL declares that he has no competing interests.

Miny Samuel, PhD

Assistant Director

Research Support Unit

Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine

National University of Singapore

Singapore

Declarações

MS declares that she has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr Fong Seng Lim and Dr Miny Samuel would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Richard A. Strick, Dr Jack Green, and Dr Paradi Mirmirani, previous contributors to this topic. RAS is an honorary member of the National Alopecia Areata Foundation (NAAF) clinical scientific advisory board. JG is an author of a reference cited in this topic. PM declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores

Maria Hordinsky, MD

Professor and Chair

Department of Dermatology

University of Minnesota

Minneapolis

MN

Disclosures

MH declares that she has no competing interests.

Ralph M. Trueb, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Dermatology

University Hospital of Zurich

Zurich

Switzerland

Disclosures

RMT is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Olsen EA, Hordinsky MK, Price VH, et al. Alopecia areata investigational assessment guidelines: part II. National Alopecia Areata Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51:440-447. Abstract

Hordinsky MK. Medical treatment of noncicatricial alopecia. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2006;25:51-55. Abstract

Messenger AG, McKillop J, Farrant P, et al. British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the management of alopecia areata 2012. Br J Dermatol. 2012 May;166(5):916-26.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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