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Infarto do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST

Last reviewed: 9 Aug 2025
Last updated: 29 Apr 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • dor torácica
  • dispneia
  • palidez
  • diaforese
  • choque cardiogênico
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • sons cardíacos adicionais
  • náuseas e/ou vômitos
  • tontura ou sensação de desfalecimento
  • angústia e ansiedade
  • palpitações
  • ruídos adventícios
  • nível de consciência reduzido
  • hipotensão
  • localização ou natureza não clássica da dor (sintomas equivalentes à dor torácica)
Full details

Risk factors

  • tabagismo
  • hipertensão
  • diabetes
  • obesidade e síndrome metabólica
  • comportamento sedentário e inatividade física
  • dislipidemia
  • doença renal crônica
  • aterosclerose (história de angina, IAM, AVC, ataque isquêmico transitório, doença vascular periférica)
  • história familiar de DAC prematura
  • idade >60 anos
  • uso de cocaína
  • depressão
  • trombose de stent ou reestenose
  • apneia do sono
  • enxaqueca
  • desfechos adversos da gestação
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • eletrocardiograma (ECG)
  • angiografia coronariana
  • biomarcadores cardíacos
  • glicose sanguínea
  • hemograma completo
  • eletrólitos, ureia e creatinina
  • proteína C-reativa
  • lipídios séricos
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • gasometria arterial
  • radiografia torácica
  • ecocardiograma
Full details

Emerging tests

  • Proteína C de ligação à miosina cardíaca (CMyC)

Treatment algorithm

INITIAL

suspeita de infarto do miocárdio

ACUTE

hemodinamicamente instável

pacientes hemodinamicamente estáveis

ONGOING

pós-infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST)

Contributors

Authors

Mahi L. Ashwath, MD, MBA, FACC, FASE, FSCMR
Mahi L. Ashwath

Professor of Medicine and Radiology

Multimodality Imaging Director

Inaugural Reuben Jacobs Chair in Internal Medicine

UHS/UT Heart and Vascular Institute

San Antonio

TX

Disclosures

MLA declares that she is a consultant for Tersera.

Acknowledgements

Dr Mahi L. Ashwath would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Thomas Vrobel and Dr Sanjay Gandhi, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

TV declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Dale Adler, MD, FACC

Vice Chairman of Medicine for Network Development and Strategic Planning

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston

MA

Disclosures

DA declares that he has no competing interests.

Deepak L. Bhatt, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine

Cleveland Clinic

OH

Disclosures

DLB declares that he has no competing interests.

Gregory Lip, MD, FRCP, FACC, FESC

Consultant Cardiologist and Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine

University Department of Medicine

City Hospital

Birmingham

UK

Disclosures

GL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 14;40(3):237-69.Full text  Abstract

Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 23;64(24):e139-228.Full text  Abstract

Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, et al; Writing Committee Members. 2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Nov 30;78(22):e187-285.Full text  Abstract

O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 Jan 29;127(4):e362-425.Full text  Abstract

Edvardsen T, Asch FM, Davidson B, et al. Non-invasive imaging in coronary syndromes: recommendations of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography, in collaboration with the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Jan 24;23(2):e6-33.Full text  Abstract

Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 7;40(2):87-165.Full text  Abstract

Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalore S, et al. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 Jan 18;145(3):e18-114.Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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