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Deficiência de zinco

Last reviewed: 20 Aug 2025
Last updated: 19 Dec 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • maior susceptibilidade a infecções
  • distúrbios do paladar
  • estomatite
  • cicatrização tardia de ferida
  • acrodermatite enteropática
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • fadiga
  • sintomas gastrointestinais
  • baixa estatura
  • fratura óssea
  • intolerância à glicose
  • dermatite
  • perda de peso
  • alopécia
  • paroníquia
  • febre
  • tremor de intenção
  • depressão
  • comprometimento da concentração
  • nistagmo
  • disartria
  • cegueira noturna
  • hipogeusia
  • anosmia
  • blefarite
  • demência
Full details

Risk factors

  • viver em regiões em desenvolvimento
  • idade >65 anos
  • doença gastrointestinal e hepática crônica
  • doença renal
  • doença falciforme
  • tratamento crônico com hidroclorotiazida, penicilamina, etambutol, determinados antibióticos
  • Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
  • transtornos decorrentes do uso de bebidas alcoólicas
  • dietas vegetariana/vegana em longo prazo
  • dietas para perda de peso especializadas
  • bebês com dietas pobres em nutrientes
  • história familiar de deficiência de zinco
  • anorexia nervosa
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • níveis de zinco sérico ou plasmático
  • nível de ferro sérico
  • nível de 25-OH vitamina D
  • folato sérico
  • vitamina B12 sérica
Full details

Emerging tests

  • conteúdo de zinco celular
  • teste genético para acrodermatite enteropática

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

adquirida

acrodermatite enteropática

Contributors

Authors

Prashant Singh, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor

MI

USA

Disclosures

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Judy Nee, MD

Instructor in Medicine

Division of Gastroenterology

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Boston

MA

Disclosures

JN declares that she has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Prashant Singh and Dr Judy Nee would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Daniel Leffler, a previous contributor to this topic.

Disclosures

DL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Hajo Haase, PhD

Assistant Professor for low molecular weight immune regulators

Institute of Immunology

University Hospital

RWTH Aachen University

Aachen

Germany

Disclosures

HH has been reimbursed by Kohler Pharma, the manufacturer of UNIZINK, for attending a symposium and has received a fee for speaking at that symposium. HH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Andrew Fenves, MD

Professor of Medicine

Baylor University Medical Center

Dallas

TX

Disclosures

AF declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Lassi ZS, Kurji J, Oliveira CS, et al. Zinc supplementation for the promotion of growth and prevention of infections in infants less than six months of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 8;4:CD010205.Full text  Abstract

U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. Dec 2020 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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