Summary
Definición
Анамнез и осмотр
Ключевые диагностические факторы
- presença de fatores de risco
- cognição comprometida durante o evento (despertares confusionais, terrores noturnos, sonambulismo)
- atividade vigorosa ou comportamento violento (despertares confusionais, sonambulismo, terrores noturnos e distúrbio comportamental do sono de movimento rápido dos olhos [DCR])
- episódios de incapacidade de se movimentar (paralisia do sono recorrente e isolada)
- hiperatividade autonômica durante o evento (terrores noturnos)
- amnésia
- exame físico normal entre os episódios
Другие диагностические факторы
- comportamento e expressão facial anormais (despertares confusionais, terrores noturnos, sonambulismo)
- evidência de lesões
Факторы риска
- história familiar de parassonias do sono de movimento não rápido dos olhos (NREM; despertares confusionais, sonambulismo, terrores noturnos)
- presença dos alelos HLA-DQB1*04 e *05 (sonambulismo)
- medicamentos ou bebidas alcoólicas
- história de transtorno psiquiátrico
- febre
- privação aguda do sono ou transtorno do ciclo sono-vigília irregular
- estresse emocional e eventos de vida traumáticos
- despertares forçados
- distúrbios do sono concomitantes não tratados
- estado pré-menstrual (em adolescentes)
Диагностические исследования
Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь
- exame clínico
- polissonografia (distúrbio comportamental do sono de movimento rápido dos olhos)
Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть
- polissonografia (despertares confusionais)
- polissonografia (sonambulismo)
- polissonografia (terrores noturnos)
- polissonografia (transtorno de pesadelo)
- polissonografia (todas as demais parassonias)
- gravação de vídeo de polissonografia com eletroencefalograma (EEG) estendido
- exame de urina para detecção de drogas
Алгоритм лечения
despertares confusionais
sonambulismo
terrores noturnos
pesadelos
paralisia do sono recorrente e isolada
distúrbio comportamental do sono de movimento rápido dos olhos
Составители
Авторы
Shalini Paruthi, MD
Co-Medical Director, Sleep Medicine and Research Center
St. Luke's Hospital
Adjunct Associate Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Saint Louis University School of Medicine
St Louis
MO
Раскрытие информации
SP receives royalties from UpToDate for writing two topics: diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. SP is a board member of the Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation.
Выражение благодарностей
Dr Shalini Paruthi would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Raman Malhotra and Dr Alon Y. Avidan, previous contributors to this topic.
Раскрытие информации
AYA has been paid honorarium speaking fees by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the American Academy of Neurology, the American College of Chest Physicians, Sepracor Inc, Cephalon Inc, and Pfizer Pharmaceuticals.
Рецензенты
Paul Gringras, MB, ChB, MSc, MRCPCH
Consultant in Paediatric Neurodisability
Evelina Children's Hospital
St Thomas' Hospital
London
UK
Раскрытие информации
PG is lead applicant on the ongoing MENDS trial, which is concerned with the use of melatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep.
Paul Montgomery, MSc, DipSW, DPhil
Reader in Psycho-Social Intervention
Centre for Evidence Based Intervention
Barnett House
University of Oxford
Oxford
UK
Раскрытие информации
PM has received funding greater than 6 figures USD from the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare, Martek Biosciences, Danish Social Research Institute, UK Department of Health, UK Health Technology Assessment Programme. PM declares that he has no competing interests.
Lynn A. D'Andrea, MD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Chief
Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine
Department of Pediatrics
Medical College of Wisconsin
Medical Director
Pulmonary Clinic
Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
Milwaukee
WI
Раскрытие информации
LAD declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Список литературы
Основные статьи
American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The AASM international classification of sleep disorders - third edition, text revision (ICSD-3-TR). Jun 2023 [internet publication].
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. text revision, (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022
Kotagal S. Parasomnias in childhood. Sleep Med Rev. 2009;13:157-168. Аннотация
Zadra A, Pilon M. NREM parasomnias. Handb Clin Neurol. 2011;99:851-68.Полный текст Аннотация
Статьи, указанные как источники
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Convulsões (noturnas)
- Narcolepsia
- Transtorno do movimento periódico dos membros (TMPM)
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Consensus statement on evidence-based treatment of insomnia, parasomnias and circadian rhythm disorders: an update
- Practice parameters for the non-respiratory indications for polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing for children
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