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Fraturas orbitais

Evidence last reviewed: 16 Mar 2026
Topic last updated: 01 Apr 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • diplopia ao olhar para cima
  • alteração da posição do globo
  • distância intercantal aumentada
  • sintomas oculovagais (bradicardia, hipotensão, náuseas/vômitos)
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • distúrbio visual
  • equimose periorbital
  • edema periorbital
  • perda da sensibilidade do nervo
  • hemorragia subconjuntival
  • defeito de alinhamento da borda infraorbital
  • perda da visão das cores
  • reflexo pupilar à luz alterado
  • acuidade visual reduzida
Full details

Risk factors

  • trauma direto
  • adultos jovens e crianças
  • idosos em risco de quedas
  • sexo masculino
Full details

Diagnostic tests

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • radiografia da face
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) da órbita
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) da órbita
  • teste de ducção forçada
  • teste ortóptico
Полная информация

Неотложные исследования

  • exame ultrassonográfico orbital

Алгоритм лечения

Острый

morbidade ocular urgente

sem morbidade ocular urgente

Составители

Авторы

Alistair R.M. Cobb, MBBS, BDS, FRCS (OMFS), FDSRCS (Eng), MFSEM (UK)

Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon

South West Cleft Service

United Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust

Bristol

UK

Раскрытие информации

ARMC is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Выражение благодарностей

Mr Alistair Cobb would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Timothy Lloyd, a previous contributor to this topic.

Раскрытие информации

TL declares that he has no competing interests.

Рецензенты

Andrew Parfitt, MBBS, FFAEM

Clinical Director

Acute Medicine

Associate Medical Director

Consultant Emergency Medicine

Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust

Clinical Lead and Consultant

Accident Emergency Medicine

St Thomas' Hospital

London

UK

Раскрытие информации

AP declares that he has no competing interests.

Mark I. Neuman, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Children's Hospital Boston

Harvard Medical School

Boston

MA

Disclosures

MIN declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Manolidis S, Weeks BH, Kirby M, et al. Classification and surgical management of orbital fractures: experience with 111 orbital reconstructions. J Craniofac Surg. 2002 Nov;13(6):726-37. Abstract

Cobb A, Murthy R, Manisali M, et al. Oculovagal reflex in paediatric orbital floor fractures mimicking head injury. Emerg Med J. 2009 May;26(5):351-3.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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