შეჯამება
დიფერენციული დიაგნოზები
ხშირი
- Alterações involucionais
- Prolapso de gordura orbital
- Dermatocálase
- Ptose miogênica congênita
- Doença ocular tireoidiana
- Cirurgia ou implante ocular prévio
- Calázio
- Terçol (hordéolo)
- Uveíte
- Celulite orbitária
- Síndrome inflamatória orbital
- Tumores palpebrais
- Tumores orbitais
- Oftalmoplegia externa crônica progressiva (OECP)
- Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)
- Corpo estranho na pálpebra
- Laceração palpebral
იშვიათია
- Blefarofimose
- Miastenia gravis
- Esclerose múltipla
- Blefarocalase
- Arterite de células gigantes
- Celulite pré-septal
- Mau posicionamento do globo ocular
- Blefaroespasmo essencial benigno (BEB)
- Paralisia do terceiro nervo
- síndrome de Horner
- Transecção do músculo levantador ou aponeurose
- Fratura orbital e facial
Contributors
Authors
Kiran Sajja, MD
Milan Eye Center
Oculoplastic Surgery
Johns Creek
GA
Disclosures
KS declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Kiran Sajja would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Allen M. Putterman, a previous contributor for this topic.
Disclosures
AMP declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Ilse Mombaerts, MD, PhD
Department of Ophthalmology
University Hospitals
Leuven Kapucijnenvoer
Leuven
Belgium
Disclosures
IM declares that she has no competing interests.
Alon Kahana, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Kellogg Eye Center
Assistant Professor
Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
Comprehensive Cancer Center
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor
MI
Disclosures
AK declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Finsterer J. Ptosis: causes, presentation, and management. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2003;27:193-204. Abstract
Yanovitch T, Buckley E. Diagnosis and management of third nerve palsy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;18(5):373-8. Abstract
American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria. Orbits, vision and visual loss. 2017 [internet publication].Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Guidelines
- ACR appropriateness criteria: Horner syndrome
- Evidence-based clinical practice guideline: eyelid surgery for upper visual field improvement
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