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Gravidez molar

Última revisão das evidências: 20 Feb 2026
Última atualização do tópico: 10 Mar 2026

Resumo

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • primeiro trimestre da gestação
  • sangramento vaginal
  • tamanho uterino incomum para a idade gestacional
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • pré-eclâmpsia de início precoce
  • dispneia e desconforto respiratório
  • náuseas e vômitos intensos
  • taquicardia, tremor, insônia e diarreia
  • palidez
  • dor pélvica
  • sangramento uterino
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • extremidades etárias maternas
  • gravidez molar prévia
  • gordura e caroteno reduzidos na dieta
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • exame histológico do tecido placentário
  • gonadotrofina coriônica humana (hCG) sérica
  • ultrassonografia pélvica
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • Hemograma completo
  • tempo de protrombina (TP), tempo de tromboplastina parcial (TTP) séricos
  • perfil metabólico sérico
  • hormônio estimulante da tireoide (TSH) sérico
  • tipagem sanguínea com rastreamento de anticorpos
  • radiografia torácica
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

gravidez molar única: pacientes que desejam manter a fertilidade

gravidez molar única: pacientes que não desejam manter a fertilidade

feto gêmeo viável: interrupção eletiva não desejada

feto gêmeo viável: interrupção eletiva

En curso

após o manejo inicial: alto risco de neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional com conclusão do acompanhamento improvável

Colaboradores

Autores

Antonio Braga, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Rio de Janeiro Federal University

Department of Maternal Child

Fluminense Federal University

Rio de Janeiro

Brazil

Divulgaciones

AB is an author of references cited in this topic.

Kevin M. Elias, MD

Assistant Professor

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Dana Farber Cancer Institute

New England Trophoblastic Disease Center

Division of Gynecologic Oncology

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

Harvard Medical School

Boston

MA

Divulgaciones

KME has been a paid consultant for AOA Dx and received research support from Aspira Women’s Health and Abcam, Inc. KME is an author of references cited in this topic.

Neil S. Horowitz, MD

Associate Professor

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Dana Farber Cancer Institute

New England Trophoblastic Disease Center

Division of Gynecologic Oncology

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

Harvard Medical School

Boston

MA

Divulgaciones

NSH is an author of references cited in this topic.

Ross S. Berkowitz, MD

William H. Baker Professor of Gynecology

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Dana Farber Cancer Institute

New England Trophoblastic Disease Center

Division of Gynecologic Oncology

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

Harvard Medical School

Boston

MA

Divulgaciones

RSB is an author of references cited in this topic.

Agradecimientos

Dr Ross S. Berkowitz, Dr Kevin M. Elias, Dr Neil S. Horowitz, and Dr Antonio Braga would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr John Soper and Dr Emma Rossi, previous contributors to this topic. JS and ER declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Jane Stewart, PhD, MSc

Consultant Gynecologist

Subspecialist in Reproductive Medicine

Newcastle Fertility Centre at Life

Bioscience Centre

International Centre at Life

Newcastle upon Tyne

UK

Divulgaciones

JS declares that she has no competing interests.

Philip Savage, PhD, FRCP

Consultant in Medical Oncology

Department of Medical Oncology

Charing Cross Hospital

London

UK

Divulgaciones

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Aparna Sundaram, DO, MBA, MPH

Physician Consultant

Preventive Medicine

Private Practice

Atlanta

GA

Divulgaciones

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares

Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.

Divulgaciones

Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Horowitz NS, Eskander RN, Adelman MR, et al. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease: A Society of Gynecologic Oncology evidenced-based review and recommendation. Gynecol Oncol. 2021 Dec;163(3):605-13.Texto completo  Resumen

Ngan HYS, Seckl MJ, Berkowitz RS, et al. Diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic disease: 2021 update. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(suppl 1):86-93.Texto completo  Resumen

Tidy, J, Seckl, M, Hancock, BW, on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of gestational trophoblastic disease. BJOG 2021;128: e1-e27​.Texto completo

Lok C, van Trommel N, Massuger L, et al. Practical clinical guidelines of the EOTTD for treatment and referral of gestational trophoblastic disease. Eur J Cancer. 2020 May;130:228-40. Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Gravidez molar images
  • Diferenciales

    • Hiperêmese gravídica
    • Aborto espontâneo
    • Gestação múltipla
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • Diagnosis and treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease
    • Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
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