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Mielofibrose

Последний просмотренный: 26 Jul 2026
Last updated: 20 May 2026

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • sintomas de anemia (fadiga, fraqueza, dispneia, palpitações)
  • sintomas constitucionais (perda de peso, sudorese noturna, febre baixa, caquexia, fadiga e prurido)
  • esplenomegalia ± hepatomegalia
  • características da hematopoese extramedular
Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

  • características de hipertensão portal
  • dor nas articulações e nos ossos
  • perda auditiva
  • sangramento
  • infecções
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • exposição à radiação
  • exposição a solventes industriais
  • idade ≥65 anos
  • anormalidades citogenéticas
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • Hemograma completo com diferencial
  • esfregaço de sangue periférico
  • aspiração da medula óssea
  • biópsia da medula óssea
  • hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH) ou reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa multiplex
  • análise molecular
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • análise citogenética da medula óssea
  • ecocardiograma
  • ultrassonografia do local suspeito
  • cintigrafia com tecnécio-99
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) do local suspeito
  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) do local suspeito
  • ácido úrico sérico
  • fator antinuclear
  • título do fator reumatoide
  • níveis do complemento
  • teste de Coombs
Полная информация

Алгоритм лечения

Острый

menor risco: assintomático

risco baixo: sintomático

risco mais elevado: candidato mais jovem a transplante de células-tronco sem comorbidades

risco mais elevado: candidato a transplante de células-tronco >70 anos ou candidato a transplante de células-tronco mais jovem com comorbidades

risco mais elevado: não é candidato a transplante de células-tronco

Составители

Авторы

Jerry L. Spivak, MD
Jerry L. Spivak

Professor of Medicine and Oncology

Division of Hematology

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore

MD

Раскрытие информации

JLS has received consulting fees from DISC Medicine, Stratafluence, GSK, and PharmaEssentia.

Выражение благодарностей

Professor Jerry Spivak would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ashkan Emadi, a previous contributor to this topic.

Раскрытие информации

AE declares that he has no competing interests.

Рецензенты

John T. Reilly, BSc, MD, FRCP, FRCPATH

Professor and Consultant in Haematology

Royal Hallamshire Hospital

Sheffield

UK

Раскрытие информации

JTR is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Giovanni Barosi, MD

Director of the Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology

IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation

Pavia

Italy

Раскрытие информации

GB declares that he has no competing interests.

Richard Silver, MD

Myeloproliferative Disorders Program Specialist

Department of Medicine

Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology

Weill Cornell Medical College

New York

NY

Раскрытие информации

RS is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

Tefferi A. Primary myelofibrosis: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2023 May;98(5):801-21.Полный текст  Аннотация

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: myeloproliferative neoplasms [internet publication].Полный текст

McLornan DP, Godfrey AL, Green A, et al. Diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis of myelofibrosis: a British Society for Haematology Guideline. Br J Haematol. 2024 Jan;204(1):127-35.Полный текст  Аннотация

Kröger N, Bacigalupo A, Barbui T, et al. Indication and management of allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in myelofibrosis: updated recommendations by the EBMT/ELN International Working Group. Lancet Haematol. 2024 Jan;11(1):e62-74. Аннотация

McLornan DP, Psaila B, Ewing J, et al. The management of myelofibrosis: a British Society for Haematology Guideline. Br J Haematol. 2024 Jan;204(1):136-50.Полный текст  Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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