Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presença de fatores de risco
- ansiedade antecipatória e preocupação
- taquicardia
- hiperventilação
- sudorese
- rubor
- tensão muscular
Other diagnostic factors
- processamento pós-evento
- vieses de atenção
- deficits de habilidades sociais
- choro, acessos de raiva ou "paralisia"
- mutismo seletivo
Risk factors
- comorbidade psiquiátrica (por exemplo, transtornos de ansiedade, humor e uso de substâncias)
- genética
- fatores de temperamento
- estilo de criação
- transtorno psicológico
- estressores da vida
- fatores ambientais
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- diagnóstico clínico
Tests to consider
- glicose sanguínea
- hormônio estimulante da tireoide sérico
- análise toxicológica (urina e sangue)
Treatment algorithm
adultos: sem comorbidade
adultos: com comorbidades
crianças e adolescentes
Contributors
Authors
Craig N. Sawchuk, PhD
Professor
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester
MN
Disclosures
CNS declares that he has no competing interests.
Jason P. Veitengruber, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle
WA
Disclosures
JPV is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Bunmi O. Olatunji, PhD
Professor
Department of Psychological Sciences
Vanderbilt University
Nashville
TN
Disclosures
BOO declares that he has no competing interests.
Stacy Shaw Welch, PhD
Director
Anxiety and Stress Reduction Center of Seattle
University of Washington
Seattle
WA
Disclosures
SSW declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Stefan G. Hofmann, PhD
Alexander von Humboldt Professor
Department of Psychology
Philipps University Marburg
Germany
Disclosures
SGH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Fallon R. Goodman, PhD
Assistant Professor of Psychology
George Washington University
Washington
DC
Disclosures
FRG declares that she has no competing interests.
Richard P. Swinson, MD, FRCPC, FRCPsych
Emeritus Professor
Medical Director
Anxiety Treatment and Research Centre
McMaster University and St Joseph’s Hospital
Hamilton
Canada
Disclosures
RPS declares that he has no competing interests.
David Baldwin, MD
Professor of Psychiatry
University of Southampton
Southampton
UK
Disclosures
DB has acted as a consultant for and held research grants from Cephalon, Eli Lilly, GSK, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, Pharmacia, Roche, and Wyeth and has also acted as a consultant to Asahi, AstraZeneca, Grunenthal, Pierre Fabre, Servier, Sumitomo, and Wyeth. He has accepted paid speaking engagements in industry-supported satellite symposia and is co-author of the BAP evidence-based guidelines on the treatment of anxiety disorders. He is also a Medical Patron of Anxiety UK.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment. May 2013 [internet publication].Full text
Katzman MA, Bleau P, Blier P, et al; Canadian Anxiety Guidelines Initiative Group on behalf of the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada/Association Canadienne des troubles anxieux and McGill University. Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders. BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14(suppl 1):S1.Full text Abstract
Williams T, Hattingh CJ, Kariuki CM, et al. Pharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder (SAnD). Cochrane Database Sys Rev. 2017 Oct 19;(10):CD001206.Full text Abstract
Schaffer A, McIntosh D, Goldstein BI, et al. The CANMAT task force recommendations for the management of patients with mood disorders and comorbid anxiety disorders. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Feb;24(1):6-22. Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Fobias
- Transtorno de pânico
- Agorafobia
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Anxiety and depression in children and youth: diagnosis and treatment
- WFSBP guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders- version 3. part I: anxiety disorders
More GuidelinesPatient information
Ansiedade: quais são as opções de tratamento?
Ansiedade: o que é?
More Patient information
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