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Câncer orofaríngeo

Last reviewed: 13 Feb 2025
Last updated: 15 Jan 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Other diagnostic factors

  • faringite
  • nódulo no pescoço
  • massa endurecida ou ulcerada
  • disfagia
  • dor oral
  • perda de peso
  • otalgia
  • trismo
  • placas brancas (leucoplasia) e vermelhas (eritroplasia)
Full details

Risk factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • infecção por papilomavírus humano (HPV)
  • tabagismo (cigarros de tabaco)
  • bebidas alcoólicas
  • mascar tabaco e noz-de-areca
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • biópsia do sítio primário
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) de cabeça e pescoço
  • citologia por aspiração com agulha fina (FNAC) dos linfonodos cervicais
  • hibridização in situ para papilomavírus humano (HPV)-16, imuno-histoquímica de p16 ou reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em espécime de biópsia
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) de cabeça e pescoço
  • tomografia computadorizada com emissão de pósitrons (PET-CT) de cabeça e pescoço
  • pan-endoscopia ou endoscopia tripla
  • videodeglutograma modificado
  • biópsia de linfonodos cervicais por excisão
  • DNA do HPV de alto risco no tumor circulante
  • Hemograma completo
  • eletrólitos
  • ureia/nitrogênio no sangue
  • creatinina sérica
  • proteína total
  • albumina
  • pré-albumina
  • TFHs
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

Negativo para papilomavírus humano (HPV)

HPV-positivo

ONGOING

doença recorrente

Contributors

Authors

Linda X. Yin, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

Mayo Clinic Rochester

Rochester

MN

Disclosures

LXY declares that she has no competing interests.

Melina J. Windon, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

University of Kentucky

Lexington

KY

Disclosures

MJW declares that she has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Linda X. Yin and Dr Melina J. Windon would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Anuraag Parikh, Dr Nam P. Nguyen, Dr Fabio Almeida, and Dr Linda Garland, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

AP declares that he has no competing interests. AP's spouse is an employee of and holds stock in Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. LG is on the speakers' bureau for Sanofi-Aventis, maker of Taxotere. NPN is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. FA declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

AJ Balm, MD, PhD, FACS, FRCS

Chair Emeritus

Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Cooperative Group

Department of Head & Neck Oncology and Surgery

The Netherlands Cancer Institute

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Disclosures

AJB declares that he has no competing interests.

Andy Trotti, MD

Specialising in Head & Neck Cancer

Director of Clinical Trials

Radiation Oncology

H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute

Tampa

FL

Disclosures

AT is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Hari Deshpande, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Yale Cancer Center

Yale University

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

HD is on the speakers' bureau for Sanofi-Aventis and has received reimbursement for talks given about their product Taxotere.

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