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Pneumoconioses

Last reviewed: 5 Oct 2024
Last updated: 10 Jul 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • dispneia ao esforço
  • tosse
  • exame normal do tórax
  • estertores na ausculta torácica
  • constrição torácica e/ou sibilância
  • expiração prolongada e sibilância na ausculta torácica
  • áreas de macicez à percussão torácica
  • cianose
  • tórax em tonel
  • hemoptise, febre ou sudorese noturna
  • baqueteamento digital nas mãos e pés
  • perda de peso
  • sinais de artrite reumatoide ou de esclerodermia
  • sinais de insuficiência renal (por exemplo, ganho de peso, edema, hipertensão)
Full details

Risk factors

  • exposição ocupacional à sílica
  • exposição ocupacional ao carvão
  • exposição ocupacional ao berílio
  • dose cumulativa elevada de sílica ou carvão inalado
  • tabagismo
  • ácido glutâmico na posição 69 da cadeia B1 da molécula HLA-DP (doença crônica por exposição ao berílio)
  • dose cumulativa elevada de berílio inalado
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • radiografia torácica (póstero-anterior e lateral)
  • espirometria
  • teste da proliferação linfocitária induzida pelo berílio (BeLPT)
Full details

Tests to consider

  • biópsia e/ou lavagem broncoscópica
  • tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução (TCAR) do tórax
  • saturação do oxigênio
  • gasometria arterial
  • biópsia pulmonar
  • teste para tuberculose (TB)
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

proteinose alveolar secundária aguda (silicose aguda)

beriliose aguda

ONGOING

silicose crônica, pneumoconiose dos trabalhadores do carvão ou beriliose crônica

Contributors

Authors

Kenneth D. Rosenman, MD

Professor of Medicine

Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Michigan State University

East Lansing

MI

Disclosures

KDR declares no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Ware G. Kuschner, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Stanford University

Staff Physician

US Department of Veterans Affairs

Palo Alto Health Care System

Palo Alto

CA

Disclosures

WGK declares that he has no competing interests.

Harman Paintal, MBBS

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS)

Palo Alto

CA

Disclosures

HP declares that he has no competing interests.

Francis Thien, MD, FRACP, FCCP

Professor

Box Hill Hospital and Monash University

Victoria

Australia

Disclosures

FT declares that he has no competing interests.

Edward L. Petsonk, MD

Professor of Medicine

Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

West Virginia University School of Medicine

Morgantown

WV

Disclosures

ELP declares that he has no competing interests.

Christopher M. Barber, BM, BS, BMedSci, FRCP, MD, AFOM

Respiratory Consultant

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Sheffield

UK

Disclosures

CMB declares that he has no competing interests.

Carl J. Reynolds, MBBS, MRCP, BSc, MSc, PhD, DPMSA

Respiratory Consultant

Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer

North Middlesex University Hospital

Imperial College London

UK

Disclosures

CJR declares that he has no competing interests.

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