Sarcoma de Kaposi
Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presença de fatores de risco
- idade >50 anos
- sexo masculino
- localização geográfica: África central ou Mediterrâneo
- Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
- infecção por herpes-vírus humano tipo 8 (HHV-8, também conhecido como herpes-vírus do sarcoma de Kaposi [HVSK])
- imunossupressão
- lesão cutânea
- lesão oral
- linfadenopatia
- linfedema
Other diagnostic factors
- perda de peso
- dor abdominal
- sangramento gastrointestinal agudo
- diarreia
- dispneia
- hemoptise
- dor torácica
- febre
Risk factors
- sexo masculino
- Infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)
- terapia imunossupressora (TI)
- infecção por herpes-vírus humano tipo 8 (HHV-8, também conhecido como herpes-vírus do sarcoma de Kaposi [HVSK])
- etnia centro-africana
- abuso de medicamentos
- etnia judaica
- etnia mediterrânea
- idade <5 anos ou >50 anos
- homens que fazem sexo com homens
- Etnia afro-americana
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- teste de HIV
- Hemograma completo e perfil metabólico abrangente
- biópsia de pele/de mucosa
Tests to consider
- radiografia torácica
- TC do tórax e broncoscopia
- tomografia computadorizada (TC) de abdome/pelve
- RNM
- sangue oculto nas fezes
- endoscopia digestiva
- tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET)
- biópsia de linfonodos
- testes de função renal
- testes da função hepática
Emerging tests
- sorologia e viremia para herpes-vírus humano tipo 8 (HHV-8)
Treatment algorithm
SK associado ao HIV
SK clássico (esporádico)
SK iatrogênico (relacionado a transplante)
SK endêmico (observado na África Subsaariana)
Contributors
Authors
David Aboulafia, MD
Attending Hematologist and Oncologist
Virginia Mason Clinical Professor of Medicine
Division of Hematology and Oncology
University of Washington
Seattle
WA
Disclosures
DA is the author of articles cited in this topic.
Acknowledgements
Dr David Aboulafia would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Liron Pantanowitz and Dr Bruce J. Dezube, previous contributors to this topic.
Peer reviewers
Justin Stebbing, MA, MRCP, MRCPath, PhD
Consultant Medical Oncologist/Senior Lecturer
Department of Medical Oncology
Imperial College/Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust
Charing Cross Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
JS declares that he has no competing interests.
Thierry Simonart, MD, PhD
Physician
Department of Dermatology
Erasme University Hospital
Brussels
Belgium
Disclosures
TS declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Kaposi sarcoma [internet publication].Full text
Lebbe C, Garbe C, Stratigos AJ, et al; European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Diagnosis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline (EDF/EADO/EORTC). Eur J Cancer. 2019 Jun;114:117-27. Abstract
National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Panel on Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV. 2025 [internet publication].Full text
National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. US Department of Health and Human Services Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents with HIV. 2025 [internet publication].Full text
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Angiomatose bacilar
- Granuloma piogênico
- Dermatofibroma
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents with HIV
- Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV
More Guidelines
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