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Mitigação do risco de suicídio

Last reviewed: 22 Jun 2025
Last updated: 28 Aug 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • tentativa anterior de suicídio ou lesão autoprovocada
  • plano suicida atual
  • acesso a meios letais
  • história de doença psiquiátrica, incluindo abuso de substâncias
  • história familiar de suicídio ou transtorno mental
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • afecção clínica crônica, incapacidade ou deformidade
  • fatores psicossociais significativos
  • características pessoais desfavoráveis
Full details

Risk factors

  • plano de suicídio atual
  • autolesão
  • história de transtorno mental, incluindo abuso de substâncias
  • disponibilidade de meios letais
  • história de abuso ou abandono na infância
  • história familiar de morte por suicídio
  • sexo masculino
  • detento em prisão
  • história familiar de doença psiquiátrica
  • doença física
  • estado civil (divorciado, solteiro, viúvo)
  • profissões/ocupações (desempregados, autônomos, agrícolas, profissionais médicos e dentistas)
  • estressores psicossociais
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • diagnóstico clínico
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

pacientes que podem ser vulneráveis a lesões autoprovocadas e suicídio

ONGOING

pessoas que conviveram com uma morte por suicídio

Contributors

Authors

Alys Cole-King, MB, BCh, DGM, MSc, FRCPsych

Consultant Liaison Psychiatrist

Liaison Team

Glan Clwyd Hospital

Betsi Cadwaladr Health Board

St Asaph

Wales

UK

Disclosures

ACK is an employee and director of 4Mental Health and, in this capacity, has received funding for designing and delivering training. ACK is an author of references cited in this topic.

Acknowledgements

Dr Alys Cole-King would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Angharad de Cates, Dr Stan Kutcher and Dr Magdalena Szumilas, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

AdeC is in receipt of a clinical doctoral training fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (since October 2018) and a travel fellowship from the Royal College of Psychiatrists/Gatsby Foundation. All are external bodies that fund research into and/or release information that includes suicide prevention. SK has received research grants from various foundations and national granting agencies (none from either the pharmaceutical nor psychotherapy industries) to support some of his academic work. He is employed by a university and hospital, and sees patients who sometimes present with a suicide attempt. He has also co-authored a textbook on suicide risk assessment and management, published in 2007 and the second edition in 2012. MS is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Peer reviewers

Stephen Platt, BA, MSc, PhD

Emeritus Professor of Health Policy Research

University of Edinburgh

Edinburgh

Scotland

UK

Disclosures

SP is a paid consultant to Samaritans, NHS Health Scotland, the Scottish Government, and the Irish National Office of Suicide Prevention. He is an unpaid adviser to The Listening Place.

Steve Gilbert, BSc Sports & Materials Science

Patient Advocate

Sports & Materials Science

University of Birmingham

Birmingham

UK

Disclosures

SG is the vice-chair of the Independent Mental Health Act Review; an associate trainer for suicide mitigation at Connecting with People; Programme Lead for the Engager Prison Project; trustee for the Council of Management for Mind and the Association of Mental Health Providers; Service User Representative for West Midlands Mental Health (STP) Alliance; occasional advisor to the National Suicide Prevention Alliance and Public Health England; and a member of the West Midlands Service User Representative Forum, Royal College of Psychiatrists West Midlands Executive Division. He receives a salary and/or travel and subsistence expenses for these roles.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Chun TH, Mace SE, Katz ER, et al. Evaluation and management of children and adolescents with acute mental health or behavioral problems. Part I: common clinical challenges of patients with mental health and/or behavioral emergencies. Pediatrics. 2016 Sep;138(3):e20161570.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Differentials

    • Lesão autoprovocada
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  • Guidelines

    • VA/DoD clinical practice guideline for assessment and management of patients at risk for suicide
    • Bipolar disorder: assessment and management
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  • Patient information

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