Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- antecedentes familiares
Other diagnostic factors
- sangrado rectal
- descarga de moco
- pérdida de peso
- tenesmo
- cambio en el ritmo intestinal
- síntomas y signos de anemia
Risk factors
- mayor edad
- antecedentes familiares de cáncer colorrectal o pólipos colorrectales
- antecedentes previos de pólipos
- sexo masculino
- acromegalia
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- colonoscopia
- colonografía por tomografía computarizada (TC)
- cromoendoscopia
- histología
Investigations to consider
- sigmoidoscopia flexible
Emerging tests
- técnicas de cromoendoscopia virtual
- colonoscopia asistida por inteligencia artificial
- cápsula endoscópica
Treatment algorithm
adecuado para la resección endoscópica
no adecuado para la resección endoscópica
Contributors
Authors
Edward T. Pring, FRCS, PhD
Post CCT Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
ETP declares that he has no competing interests.
Jason Rai, MRCS, MMedEd
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
JR declares that he has no competing interests.
Allison Wallace, MRCS, MSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
AW declares that she has no competing interests.
Laura E. Gould, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
LG declares that she has no competing interests.
Dinh V. C. Mai, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
DM declares that she has no competing interests.
Ioanna Drami, MRCS, MSc, BSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
ID declares that she has no competing interests.
John T. Jenkins, MD
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hopital
London
UK
Disclosures
JTJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Mr Edward T. Pring, Mr Jason Rai, Miss Alison Wallace, Miss Laura E. Gould, Mr Dinh V. C. Mai, Miss Ioanna Drami and Mr John T. Jenkins would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Phil Tozer and Mr George Malietzis previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
PT and GM declares that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
John Anderson, FRCS
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow
UK
Disclosures
JA declares that he has no competing interests.
Sharon Stein, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery
University Hospital Case Medical Center
Cleveland
OH
Disclosures
SS received a fee for educational courses on laparoscopic surgery, paid for in part by Covidien, Olympus, and Applied Medical.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: recommendations for physicians and patients from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force On Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul;112(7):1016-30.Full text Abstract
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer [internet publication].Full text
Lieberman DA, Rex DK, Winawer SJ, et al. Guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after screening and polypectomy: a consensus update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2012 Sep;143(3):844-57.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Cáncer colorrectal
- Hemorroides
- Fisura anal
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening
- ACR appropriateness criteria: colorectal cancer screening
More GuidelinesPatient information
Cáncer de colon: preguntas que debes hacer a tu médico
Cáncer de colon: ¿debo realizarme una prueba de screening (cribado)?
More Patient information
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