Pólipos colorrectales
Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- antecedentes familiares
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- sangrado rectal
- descarga de moco
- pérdida de peso
- tenesmo
- cambio en el ritmo intestinal
- síntomas y signos de anemia
Factores de riesgo
- mayor edad
- antecedentes familiares de cáncer colorrectal o pólipos colorrectales
- antecedentes previos de pólipos
- sexo masculino
- acromegalia
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- colonoscopia
- colonografía por tomografía computarizada (TC)
- cromoendoscopia
- histología
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- sigmoidoscopia flexible
Pruebas emergentes
- técnicas de cromoendoscopia virtual
- colonoscopia asistida por inteligencia artificial
- cápsula endoscópica
Algoritmo de tratamiento
adecuado para la resección endoscópica
no adecuado para la resección endoscópica
Colaboradores
Autores
Edward T. Pring, FRCS, PhD
Post CCT Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
ETP declares that he has no competing interests.
Alison Wallace, MRCS, MSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
AW declares that she has no competing interests.
Marita Georgiou, MUDr, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
East of England Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
General Resident Medical Officer
The London Clinic
London
UK
Declarações
MG declares that she has no competing interests.
Jason Rai, MRCS, MMedEd
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
JR declares that he has no competing interests.
Laura E. Gould, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
LG declares that she has no competing interests.
Dinh V. C. Mai, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
DM declares that she has no competing interests.
Ioanna Drami, MRCS, MSc, BSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
ID declares that she has no competing interests.
John T. Jenkins, MD
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Declarações
JTJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimentos
Mr Edward T. Pring, Mr Jason Rai, Miss Alison Wallace, Miss Marita Georgiou, Miss Laura E. Gould, Mr Dinh V. C. Mai, Miss Ioanna Drami and Mr John T. Jenkins would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Phil Tozer and Mr George Malietzis previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
PT and GM declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores
John Anderson, FRCS
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow
UK
Declarações
JA declares that he has no competing interests.
Sharon Stein, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery
University Hospital Case Medical Center
Cleveland
OH
Declarações
SS received a fee for educational courses on laparoscopic surgery, paid for in part by Covidien, Olympus, and Applied Medical.
Créditos aos pareceristas
Os tópicos do BMJ Best Practice são constantemente atualizados, seguindo os desenvolvimentos das evidências e das diretrizes. Os pareceristas aqui listados revisaram o conteúdo pelo menos uma vez durante a história do tópico.
Declarações
As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.
Referências
Principais artigos
Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: recommendations for physicians and patients from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force On Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul;112(7):1016-30.Texto completo Resumo
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening [internet publication].Texto completo
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer [internet publication].Texto completo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Cáncer colorrectal
- Hemorroides
- Fisura anal
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Cáncer de intestino: ¿cuáles son las opciones de tratamiento?
Colonoscopia
Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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