Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- antecedentes familiares
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- sangrado rectal
- descarga de moco
- pérdida de peso
- tenesmo
- cambio en el ritmo intestinal
- síntomas y signos de anemia
Factores de riesgo
- mayor edad
- antecedentes familiares de cáncer colorrectal o pólipos colorrectales
- antecedentes previos de pólipos
- sexo masculino
- acromegalia
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- colonoscopia
- colonografía por tomografía computarizada (TC)
- cromoendoscopia
- histología
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- sigmoidoscopia flexible
Pruebas emergentes
- técnicas de cromoendoscopia virtual
- colonoscopia asistida por inteligencia artificial
- cápsula endoscópica
Algoritmo de tratamiento
adecuado para la resección endoscópica
no adecuado para la resección endoscópica
Colaboradores
Autores
Edward T. Pring, FRCS, PhD
Post CCT Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
ETP declares that he has no competing interests.
Jason Rai, MRCS, MMedEd
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
JR declares that he has no competing interests.
Allison Wallace, MRCS, MSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
AW declares that she has no competing interests.
Laura E. Gould, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
LG declares that she has no competing interests.
Dinh V. C. Mai, MRCS
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
Oxford Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
DM declares that she has no competing interests.
Ioanna Drami, MRCS, MSc, BSc
General Surgery Specialty Registrar
North East and Central London Deanery
Clinical Research Fellow at St Mark’s the National Bowel Hospital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
ID declares that she has no competing interests.
John T. Jenkins, MD
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
St Mark’s the National Bowel Hopital
London
UK
Divulgaciones
JTJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Mr Edward T. Pring, Mr Jason Rai, Miss Alison Wallace, Miss Laura E. Gould, Mr Dinh V. C. Mai, Miss Ioanna Drami and Mr John T. Jenkins would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Phil Tozer and Mr George Malietzis previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
PT and GM declares that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
John Anderson, FRCS
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow
UK
Divulgaciones
JA declares that he has no competing interests.
Sharon Stein, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery
University Hospital Case Medical Center
Cleveland
OH
Divulgaciones
SS received a fee for educational courses on laparoscopic surgery, paid for in part by Covidien, Olympus, and Applied Medical.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: recommendations for physicians and patients from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force On Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul;112(7):1016-30.Texto completo Resumen
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer [internet publication].Texto completo
Lieberman DA, Rex DK, Winawer SJ, et al. Guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after screening and polypectomy: a consensus update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2012 Sep;143(3):844-57.Texto completo Resumen
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
Diferenciales
- Cáncer colorrectal
- Hemorroides
- Fisura anal
Más DiferencialesGuías de práctica clínica
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening
- ACR appropriateness criteria: colorectal cancer screening
Más Guías de práctica clínicaFolletos para el paciente
Bowel cancer: what is it?
Bowel cancer: what treatments work?
Más Folletos para el paciente
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