Evaluación de fiebre en niños

Last reviewed: 8 Jun 2025
Last updated: 12 Dec 2024

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Infección urinaria
  • Neumonía
  • Enfermedad de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
  • Otitis media aguda
  • Amigdalitis
  • Sinusitis
  • Meningitis
  • Bacteriemia (oculta)
  • Sepsis
  • Artritis séptica
  • Osteomielitis
  • Enfermedad por arañazo de gato
  • Síndromes virales
  • Mononucleosis infecciosa
  • Infección por citomegalovirus
  • Infección por malaria
  • Enfermedad de Lyme
  • Tuberculosis
  • Enfermedad de Kawasaki
  • Artritis idiopática juvenil (AIJ)
  • Lupus eritematoso sistémico
  • Fiebre reumática
  • Enfermedad de Crohn
  • Colitis ulcerosa
  • Leucemia
  • Linfoma no Hodgkin
  • Fiebre relacionada con fármacos
  • Reacción a las vacunas
  • Escarlatina
Full details

Uncommon

  • Fiebre tifoidea (fiebre entérica)
  • Endocarditis
  • Absceso hepático
  • Absceso cerebral
  • Síndrome del shock tóxico estreptocócico
  • Síndrome del shock tóxico estafilocócico
  • Tularemia
  • Brucelosis
  • Leptospirosis
  • Encefalitis
  • Miocarditis
  • Infección por virus herpes simple (VHS)
  • Infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Fiebre maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Linfoma de Hodgkin
  • Crisis tiroidea
  • Síndrome de la serotonina
  • Enfermedad del suero/reacción similar a la enfermedad del suero
  • Fiebre ficticia
  • Trastorno facticio impuesto a otro (antes síndrome de Munchausen por poderes)
  • Enfermedad relacionada con el calor
  • Trastornos autonómicos pediátricos
  • Dengue
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Paul Ishimine, MD
Paul Ishimine

Director

Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Department of Emergency Medicine

UC San Diego Health System

Fellowship Director

Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego

Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics

University of California

San Diego School of Medicine

San Diego

CA

Disclosures

PI declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Linton Yee, MD

Associate Professor

Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery

Director of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Education

Duke University School of Medicine

Durham

NC

Disclosures

LY declares that he has no competing interests.

Philip Spandorfer, MD, MSCE

Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Scottish Rite

Atlanta

GA

Disclosures

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Esse Menson, null

Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases

Evelina Children's Hospital

London

UK

Disclosures

EM declares that she has no competing interests.

References

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Key articles

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Fever in under 5s: assessment and initial management. Nov 2021 [internet publication].Full text

Pantell RH, Roberts KB, Adams WG, et al. Evaluation and management of well-appearing febrile infants 8 to 60 days old. Pediatrics. 2021 Aug;148(2):e2021052228.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: fever without source or unknown origin-child. 2015 [internet publication].Full text

American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee (Writing Committee) on Pediatric Fever, Mace SE, Gemme SR, et al. Clinical policy for well-appearing infants and children younger than 2 years of age presenting to the emergency department with fever. Ann Emerg Med. 2016 May;67(5):625-39.e13.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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