Evaluación de fiebre en niños

Last reviewed: 20 Aug 2025
Last updated: 30 Jul 2025

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Síndromes virales
  • Infección urinaria
  • Neumonía
  • Enfermedad de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
  • Bronquiolitis
  • Otitis media aguda
  • Amigdalitis
  • Rinosinusitis
  • Meningitis
  • Bacteriemia (oculta)
  • Sepsis
  • Artritis séptica
  • Osteomielitis
  • Enfermedad por arañazo de gato
  • Mononucleosis infecciosa
  • Infección por citomegalovirus
  • Infección por malaria
  • Enfermedad de Lyme
  • Tuberculosis
  • Enfermedad de Kawasaki
  • Artritis idiopática juvenil (AIJ)
  • Lupus eritematoso sistémico
  • Fiebre reumática
  • Enfermedad de Crohn
  • Colitis ulcerosa
  • Leucemia
  • Linfoma no Hodgkin
  • Fiebre relacionada con fármacos
  • Reacción a las vacunas
  • Escarlatina
Full details

Uncommon

  • Fiebre tifoidea (fiebre entérica)
  • Endocarditis infecciosa
  • Absceso hepático
  • Absceso cerebral
  • Síndrome del shock tóxico estreptocócico
  • Síndrome del shock tóxico estafilocócico
  • Tularemia
  • Brucelosis
  • Leptospirosis
  • Encefalitis
  • Miocarditis
  • Infección por virus herpes simple (VHS)
  • Infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Fiebre maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Linfoma de Hodgkin
  • Crisis tiroidea
  • Síndrome de la serotonina
  • Enfermedad del suero/reacción similar a la enfermedad del suero
  • Fiebre ficticia
  • Trastorno facticio impuesto a otro (antes síndrome de Munchausen por poderes)
  • Enfermedad relacionada con el calor
  • Trastornos autonómicos pediátricos
  • Dengue
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Paul Ishimine, MD
Paul Ishimine

Director

Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Department of Emergency Medicine

UC San Diego Health System

Attending Physician

Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego

Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics

University of California

San Diego School of Medicine

San Diego

CA

Disclosures

PI declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Esse Menson, MB ChB, BSc Hons, PhD

Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Diseases

Evelina Children's Hospital

London

UK

Disclosures

EM declares that she has no competing interests.

Michael Crocetti, MD, MPH

Chief of Pediatrics

Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

Johns Hopkins Community Physicians

Baltimore

MD

Disclosures

MC declares that he has no competing interests.

Emily Rose, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine (Educational Scholar)

Director for Pre-Health Undergraduate Studies

Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California

Department of Emergency Medicine

Los Angeles General Medical Center

Los Angeles

CA

利益声明

ER declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

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关键文献

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Fever in under 5s: assessment and initial management. Nov 2021 [internet publication].全文

Pantell RH, Roberts KB, Adams WG, et al. Evaluation and management of well-appearing febrile infants 8 to 60 days old. Pediatrics. 2021 Aug;148(2):e2021052228.全文  摘要

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: fever without source or unknown origin-child. 2024 [internet publication].全文

American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee (Writing Committee) on Pediatric Fever, Mace SE, Gemme SR, et al. Clinical policy for well-appearing infants and children younger than 2 years of age presenting to the emergency department with fever. Ann Emerg Med. 2016 May;67(5):625-39.e13.全文  摘要

参考文献

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