Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- aumento de síntomas con la agitación
- tos característica similar al ladrido de un perro
- de 6 meses a 6 años de edad
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- sexo masculino
- temporada alta, fines de otoño
- síntomas prodrómicos
- aparición repentina de síntomas
- peores síntomas durante la noche
- voz ronca
- dificultad respiratoria (estridor, tiraje intercostal/esternal)
- agitación persistente
- letargo
- movimiento asincrónico de la pared torácica y abdominal
- fatiga
- signos de hipoxia (palidez o cianosis)
- signos de hipercapnia (disminución del nivel de conciencia secundario al aumento de PaCO₂)
Factores de riesgo
- de 6 meses a 6 años de edad
- sexo masculino
- intubación previa
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- exploración física
Investigações a serem consideradas
- radiografía anteroposterior y lateral de cuello
Algoritmo de tratamento
leve (sin estridor en reposo)
moderada (estridor en reposo; sin agitación o letargo)
grave (estridor en reposo con agitación o letargo)
Colaboradores
Autores
Candice Bjornson, MSc, MD, FRCPC
Associate Professor
University of Calgary
Calgary
Canada
Declarações
CB declares that she has no competing interests. CB is the author of several references in this topic.
David Johnson, MD
Professor
Department of Pediatrics and Physiology and Pharmacology
University of Calgary
Calgary
Canada
Declarações
DJ declares that he has no competing interests. DJ is the author of several references in this topic.
Revisores
Ken Farion, MD
Assistant Professor
Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine
University of Ottawa
Ottawa
Canada
Declarações
KF declares that he has no competing interests.
Doreen Matsui, MD, FRCPC
Associate Professor
Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine
Children's Hospital of Western Ontario
London
Ontario
Canada
Declarações
DM declares that she has no competing interests.
Jeremy Hull, MBBS
Consultant Paediatrician
Children's Hospital and West Wing
John Radcliffe Hospital
Oxford
UK
Declarações
JH declares that he has no competing interests.
Steve Cunningham, MBBS, PhD
Consultant Respiratory Paediatrician
Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine
Royal Hospital for Sick Children
Edinburgh
UK
Declarações
SC declares that he has no competing interests.
Donna J. Lee, MD
Pediatric Pulmonology
Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital,
Hackensack Meridian Health
Hackensack
NJ
Declarações
DL declares that he has no competing interests.
Deepak Mehta, MD, FRCS ( Oto)
Professor of Otolaryngology
Director Pediatric Aerodigestive Center,
Baylor College of Medicine,
Texas Children’s Hospital,
Houston
TX
Declarações
DM declares that he has no competing interests.
Referências
Principais artigos
Johnson D, Klassen T, Kellner J. Diagnosis and management of croup: Alberta Medical Association clinical practice guidelines. Alberta: Alberta Medical Association; 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
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