Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- estación invernal
- brote actual de gripe
- falta de vacunación
- fiebre con tos
Other diagnostic factors
- dolor de garganta
- linfadenopatía cervical
- disnea
Risk factors
- edad ≥65 años
- edad de 6 a 59 meses
- afecciones cardiovasculares o respiratorias crónicas
- diabetes
- hemoglobinopatía
- estado inmunocomprometido
- enfermedad renal crónica (ERC)
- embarazo
- cuidadores y personas con las que tengan contacto en el hogar de grupos de alto riesgo
- profesionales de salud
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- diagnóstico clínico
Tests to consider
- ensayos moleculares
- pruebas de detección de antígenos
- cultivo viral
- serología
- radiografía de tórax
Treatment algorithm
exposición a personas infectadas en población de riesgo
adultos
niños
Contributors
Authors
Kyle Eggleton, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP(Dist)
Associate Dean Rural
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Disclosures
KE declares that he has no competing interests.
Rachel Roskvist, MBChB, FRNZCGP, MHSc
Senior Lecturer
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Disclosures
RR declares that she has no competing interests.
Bruce Arroll, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
Disclosures
BA declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Kyle Eggleton, Dr Rachel Roskvist, and Professor Bruce Arroll would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Cristine Radojicic, a previous contributor to this topic.
Disclosures
CR declares that she is on Advisory boards for CSL Behring and Speakers Bureau Biocryst.
Peer reviewers
Michael Ison, MD
Chief
Respiratory Diseases Branch
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Bethesda
MD
Disclosures
MI declares that he has no competing interests.
Waleed Javaid, MD, FACP, FIDSA
Associate Professor
Medical Director of Infection Control
Infectious Disease
Department of Medicine
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse
NY
Disclosures
WJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Rachel L. Miller, MD, FAAAAI
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine and Environmental Health Sciences
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York
NY
Declarações
RLM declares that she has no competing interests.
Mark Sands, MD, FAAAAI
Chief
SUNY Buffalo School of Medicine
Division Allergy and Immunology
Buffalo
NY
Declarações
MS declares that he has no competing interests.
An De Sutter, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
Ghent University
Ghent
Belgium
Declarações
ADS declares that she has no competing interests.
Créditos aos pareceristas
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Referências
Principais artigos
Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):e1-47.Texto completo Resumo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Feb 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2024-25 Influenza Season. Aug 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo Resumo
UK Health Security Agency. Annual flu programme. May 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule by age (addendum updated July 2, 2025): recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2025. Jul 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule by age (addendum updated July 2, 2025): recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2025. Jul 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Enfermedad de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
- Neumonía bacteriana
- Infección por rinovirus
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- Statement on seasonal influenza vaccines for 2025-2026
- Child and adolescent immunization schedule by age: recommendations for ages 18 years of younger, United States, 2025
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Antibióticos: Qué necesita saber
Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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