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Enfermedad renal diabética

Последний просмотренный: 28 Sep 2025
Last updated: 15 Jan 2025

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • presencia de factores de riesgo
  • hipertensión
  • signos de retinopatía
  • edema
Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

  • visión deficiente
  • entumecimiento de las extremidades inferiores
  • dolor de las extremidades inferiores
  • síntomas constitucionales (enfermedad avanzada)
  • cambios en los pies
  • hipotensión ortostática
  • cambios en la piel
  • atrofia muscular
  • palidez (al disminuir la tasa de filtración glomerular)
  • tendencia al sangrado (enfermedad avanzada)
  • respiración de Kussmaul (enfermedad avanzada)
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • hiperglucemia sostenida
  • hipertensión
  • antecedentes familiares de hipertensión y/o enfermedad renal.
  • obesidad
  • tabaquismo
  • inactividad física
  • dislipidemia
  • ingesta elevada de proteínas, grasas y sodio
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • análisis de orina
  • relación albúmina/creatinina en orina (RAC)
  • creatinina sérica con estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG)
  • ultrasonido de riñón
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • cistatina C con estimación de TFG
  • tasa de excreción de albúmina (TEA)
  • tomografía computarizada (TC) de abdomen
  • angiografía por resonancia magnética (ARM)
  • ultrasonido Doppler
  • biopsia renal
Полная информация

Алгоритм лечения

ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ

diabetes de tipo 1 con nefropatía: sin diálisis

diabetes de tipo 2 con nefropatía: sin diálisis

en diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálisis

Составители

Авторы

David J. Leehey, MD, FACP
David J. Leehey

Professor of Medicine

Division of Nephrology

Loyola University Medical Center

Maywood

IL

Раскрытие информации

DJL declares that he has no competing interests. DJL is an author of references cited in this topic.

Irfan Moinuddin, MD
Irfan Moinuddin

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Springfield

IL

Раскрытие информации

IM declares that he has no competing interests.

Рецензенты

Rajiv Agarwal, MD

Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Nephrology

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis

IN

Раскрытие информации

RA declares that he has no competing interests.

Merlin C. Thomas, PhD

Associate Professor

Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

Melbourne

Australia

Раскрытие информации

MCT has received honoraria for speaking and educational sessions conducted by Sanofi-Aventis, Servier, Boehringer-Ingleheim, Abbott, Amgen, and Jansen-Cilag.

Damian Fogarty, BSc, MD, FRCP

Consultant/Senior Lecturer in Renal Medicine

Belfast City Hospital and Queen's University Belfast

Belfast City Hospital

Belfast

Northern Ireland

UK

Раскрытие информации

DF has no share options, research support, or employment with pharmaceutical companies. He has received one-time speaking fees to cover his time preparing educational talks in the broad areas of diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease, promoting early recognition and evidence-based or best practice management.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

American Diabetes Association. Standards of care in diabetes - 2024. Diabetes Care. 2024 Jan;47(suppl 1):S1-321.Полный текст

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Diabetes Work Group. KDIGO 2022 clinical practice guideline for diabetes management in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2022 Nov;102(5s):S1-127.Полный текст  Аннотация

de Boer IH, Khunti K, Sadusky T, et al. Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Diabetes Care. 2022 Dec 1;45(12):3075-90.Полный текст  Аннотация

Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2022 Nov 1;45(11):2753-86.Полный текст  Аннотация

Lo C, Toyama T, Wang Y, et al. Insulin and glucose-lowering agents for treating people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Sep 24;(9):CD011798.Полный текст  Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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