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Linfoma no Hodgkin

ბოლო მიმოხილვა: 12 Dec 2025
ბოლო განახლება: 12 Dec 2025

შეჯამება

განსაზღვრება

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • Síntomas B (fiebre, sudores nocturnos, pérdida de peso)
  • fatiga/malestar general
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • linfadenopatía
  • esplenomegalia
  • hepatomegalia
  • disnea
  • tos
  • molestias abdominales superiores o dolor
  • cefalea
  • cambio del estado mental
  • déficits neurológicos focales
  • dolor torácico
  • dolor óseo
  • dolor de espalda
  • ictericia
  • palidez
  • púrpura
  • lesiones cutáneas
  • alteraciones neurológicas en la exploración
  • alteraciones visuales
  • Dolor mamario
  • hinchazón o masa en la mama
  • alteraciones metabólicas (lesión renal aguda, síndrome de lisis tumoral, hipercalcemia)
Full details

Risk factors

  • edad >60 años
  • sexo masculino
  • Virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB)
  • virus linfotrópico humano de células T de tipo 1 (HTLV-1)
  • El virus del herpes asociado al sarcoma de Kaposi/virus del herpes humano-8 (KSHV/HHV8)
  • enfermedad celíaca
  • VIH
  • virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
  • Síndrome de Sjögren
  • síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich
  • ataxia telangiectasia
  • uso de fármacos inmunomoduladores
  • trasplante de órganos
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • artritis reumatoide
  • lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES)
  • anemia hemolítica
  • inmunodeficiencia común variable
  • Síndrome de Klinefelter
  • pesticidas
  • implantes de senos
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • hemograma completo (HC) con diferencial
  • Perfil metabólico completo (incluidas las pruebas de función hepática [PFH])
  • lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) en suero
  • ácido úrico
  • biopsia del ganglio linfático
  • biopsia (sitios extranodales)
  • biopsia de médula ósea y aspiración
  • inmunohistoquímica
  • citometría de flujo
  • tomografía por emisión de positrones (TEP) con fluorodesoxiglucosa (FDG)/exploración por TC
Full details

Tests to consider

  • biopsia por punción con aguja gruesa
  • Biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (AAF)
  • pruebas genéticas
  • serología del virus de la hepatitis B (VHB)
  • serología del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
  • prueba de virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)
  • prueba del virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB)
  • pruebas del virus linfotrópico humano de células T (HTLV)
  • IRM (cerebro, columna vertebral)
  • ecografía (mama, axila)
  • punción lumbar
  • endoscopía
  • electroforesis de proteínas séricas con inmunofijación
  • inmunoglobulinas cuantitativas
  • microglobulina beta-2 sérica
  • exploración de adquisición por puerta múltiple (MUGA)
  • ecocardiograma
  • exploración oftalmológica (incluida la lámpara de hendidura)
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ONGOING

linfomas de células B agresivos

linfomas de células T agresivos

linfomas de células B indolentes

linfomas de células T indolentes

Contributors

Authors

Julie E. Chang, MD

SSM Health

Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, and Palliative Care

Madison

WI

Disclosures

JEC has been paid for time served on advisory boards for MorphoSys, BeiGene, and Genentech. JEC has research funding from Genentech and Celgene.

Acknowledgements

Dr Julie Chang would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Esther Chan, Dr Chin Hin Ng, Dr Melissa Ooi, Dr Michelle Poon, Dr Boris Kobrinsky, and Dr Kenneth B. Hymes, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

EC, CHN, MO, BK, and KBH declare that they have no competing interests. MP has received sponsorship from Sanofi and Janssen to attend conferences.

Peer reviewers

Leonidas G. Koniaris, MD

Associate Professor Surgery

Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy

University of Miami School of Medicine

Coral Gables

FL

Disclosures

LGK declares that he has no competing interests.

Shankaranarayana Paneesha, MD, MRCP, FRCPath

Consultant Haematologist

Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation

Heartlands Hospital

Birmingham

UK

Disclosures

SP declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: B-cell lymphomas [internet publication].Full text

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: T-cell lymphomas [internet publication].Full text

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: primary cutaneous lymphomas [internet publication].Full text

Eyre TA, Cwynarski K, d'Amore F, et al. Lymphomas: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2025 Nov;36(11):1263-84.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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