Resumen
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- tos
- disnea
Other diagnostic factors
- fiebre
- dolor torácico pleurítico
- taquipnea
- aliento fétido
- crepitaciones
- esputo purulento o espumoso
- antecedentes de vómitos
Risk factors
- quimiorradiación en cánceres de cabeza y cuello
- alteración del estado mental
- disfunción en la deglución
- enfermedad gastrointestinal
- intubación o sonda de traqueostomía
- edad avanzada
- higiene bucal deficiente
- sonda de alimentación
- posición en decúbito
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- saturación de O2
- radiografía del tórax (RT)
- hemograma completo (HC)
- tinción de Gram del esputo
- cultivo de esputo
Investigations to consider
- ecografía pulmonar a pie de cama
- GSA
- broncoscopia
Treatment algorithm
todos los pacientes
Contributors
Authors
Michael J. Lanspa, MD, MS
Adjunct Associate Professor
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Intermountain Medical Center
University of Utah
Salt Lake City
UT
Disclosures
MJL declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Michael J. Lanspa would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Richard Kanner and Dr Krishna Sundar, previous contributors to this topic. DK and KS declares that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Toby Maher, MB, PhD, MRCP
Consultant Respiratory Physician
Department of Respiratory Medicine
Royal Brompton Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
TM has received research funding from the Wellcome Trust and GlaxoSmithKline. He has acted as a paid consultant to GSK, Actelion, and Respironies.
Feras Hawari, MD
Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care
King Hussein Cancer Center
Amman
Jordan
Disclosures
FH declares that he has no competing interests.
Differentials
- Neumonitis por aspiración
- Atelectasia
- Edema pulmonar
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Neumonía
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