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Neumonía por aspiración

Última revisión: 14 Feb 2025
Última actualización: 08 Nov 2022

Resumen

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presencia de factores de riesgo
  • tos
  • disnea
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • fiebre
  • dolor torácico pleurítico
  • taquipnea
  • aliento fétido
  • crepitaciones
  • esputo purulento o espumoso
  • antecedentes de vómitos
Full details

Risk factors

  • quimiorradiación en cánceres de cabeza y cuello
  • alteración del estado mental
  • disfunción en la deglución
  • enfermedad gastrointestinal
  • intubación o sonda de traqueostomía
  • edad avanzada
  • higiene bucal deficiente
  • sonda de alimentación
  • posición en decúbito
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • saturación de O2
  • radiografía del tórax (RT)
  • hemograma completo (HC)
  • tinción de Gram del esputo
  • cultivo de esputo
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • ecografía pulmonar a pie de cama
  • GSA
  • broncoscopia
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

todos los pacientes

Contributors

Authors

Michael J. Lanspa, MD, MS

Adjunct Associate Professor

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Intermountain Medical Center

University of Utah

Salt Lake City

UT

Disclosures

MJL declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Michael J. Lanspa would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Richard Kanner and Dr Krishna Sundar, previous contributors to this topic. DK and KS declares that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Toby Maher, MB, PhD, MRCP

Consultant Respiratory Physician

Department of Respiratory Medicine

Royal Brompton Hospital

London

UK

Disclosures

TM has received research funding from the Wellcome Trust and GlaxoSmithKline. He has acted as a paid consultant to GSK, Actelion, and Respironies.

Feras Hawari, MD

Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care

King Hussein Cancer Center

Amman

Jordan

Disclosures

FH declares that he has no competing interests.

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