Fibrilación auricular de inicio reciente

Cuando vea este tema en otro idioma, podría notar algunas diferencias en la estructura del contenido, pero aún refleja las últimas orientaciones basadas en la evidencia.

Evidencia revisada por última vez: 30 Mar 2026
Tema actualizado por última vez: 22 Apr 2024

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • palpitaciones
  • pulso irregular
  • Factores de riesgo
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • disnea/disnea
  • hipotensión sintomática
  • dolor/opresión/malestar en el pecho
  • fatiga
  • ansiedad
  • trastorno cognitivo
  • mareos
  • poliuria
  • Sonidos respiratorios anormales
  • Ruidos cardíacos adicionales
  • aumento de la presión venosa yugular
  • evidencia de accidente cerebrovascular
  • Presíncope y síncope
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • mayor edad
  • hipertensión
  • insuficiencia cardíaca.
  • diabetes mellitus
  • apnea obstructiva del sueño
  • obesidad
  • arteriopatía coronaria
  • enfermedad valvular
  • Otras enfermedades cardíacas
  • consumo regular y excesivo de alcohol
  • cirugía cardíaca o torácica
  • otras arritmias auriculares
  • accidente cerebrovascular previo/ataque isquémico transitorio
  • hipertiroidismo
  • niveles atléticos de actividad física
  • Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)
  • tabaquismo
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • electrocardiograma (ECG)
  • hemograma completo (HC)
  • perfil de coagulación
  • electrolitos, urea y creatinina
  • función tiroidea
  • radiografía del tórax (RT)
  • ecocardiografía transtorácica (ETT)
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • troponina cardíaca
  • GSA
  • proteína C-reactiva
  • Péptido natriurético tipo B (PNB)/Prohormona N-terminal del péptido natriurético tipo B (NT-pro-PNB).
  • pruebas de función hepática (PFH)
  • velocidad de sedimentación globular
  • ecocardiograma transesofágico (ETE)
  • Telemetría para pacientes hospitalizados o monitor Holter de 24 horas
  • angiografía coronaria (TC o convencional) o pruebas de esfuerzo
  • RMC cardíaca con contraste de gadolinio tardío
  • tomografía computarizada (TC) cerebral
  • IRM cerebral
  • Angiografía pulmonar por tomografía computarizada (APTC)
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

hemodinámicamente inestable

hemodinámicamente estable: inicio <48 horas

hemodinámicamente estable: inicio ≥48 horas o incierto

En curso

después de la estabilización

Colaboradores

Consejeros especializados

Shrilla Banerjee, MD, FRCP

Consultant Interventional Cardiologist

East Surrey Hospital

Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust

UK

Divulgaciones

SB has received speaker fees for educational lectures (presentation content was her own) and meeting participation from Menarini, Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott Vascular, and Shockwave IVL. She has also participated in an Advisory Board for Sahajanand Medical Technologies Limited. SB has received travel sponsorship from Biosensors International to attend the PCR meeting in Paris in 2022. She has prepared a manuscript on coronary microvascular dysfunction for Abbott for Cardiovascular News (no royalties).

Agradecimientos

BMJ Best Practice would like to gratefully acknowledge the previous team of expert contributors, whose work is retained in parts of the content:

Arti N. Shah, MS, MD

Director

Cardiac Electrophysiology

Elmhurst Hospital Center

Elmhurst

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Mount Sinai School of Medicine

New York

NY

ANS is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Bharat K. Kantharia MD, FRCP, FAHA, FACC, FESC, FHRS

Cardiovascular and Heart Rhythm Consultant

Attending and Consultant Cardiac Electrophysiologist

Mount Sinai Hospitals

New York Methodist Hospital

New York

NY

West Houston Medical Center

Memorial Hermann Hospital

Houston

TX

BKK is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Resham Baruah MBBS, BSc, MRCP, PhD

Consultant Cardiologist

Chelsea and Westminster Hospital and the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust

London

UK

RB has received honorarium/speaker fees from Novartis and Boehringer Ingleheim.

Adam D. Hartley MBBS, BSc, MRCP

Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Fellow

Imperial College London

Specialist Registrar in Cardiology

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

London

UK

ADH declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Gregory Lip, MD, FRCP, DFM, FACC, FESC, FEHRA

Price-Evans Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine

University of Liverpool

Senior Investigator

National Institute for Health Research

UK

Distinguished Professor

Faculty of Medicine

Aalborg University

Denmark

Adjunct Professor

Yonsei University

Seoul

South Korea

Disclosures

GL is a consultant for Bayer/Janssen, BMS/Pfizer, Medtronic, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Verseon, and Daiichi-Sankyo. He is a speaker for Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Medtronic, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Daiichi-Sankyo. No fees are directly received personally. GL is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373-498.Full text  Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atrial fibrillation: diagnosis and management. June 2021 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Fibrilación auricular de inicio reciente images
  • Differentials

    • Aleteo auricular
    • Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White
    • Taquicardia auricular
    More Differentials
  • Guidelines

    • Atrial fibrillation: diagnosis and management
    • 2020 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
    More Guidelines
  • Calculators

    Puntuación CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc para el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular (ictus) en pacientes con fibrilación auricular

    Puntuación de riesgo de sangrado ORBIT

    More Calculators
  • Videos

    Demostración animada de como realizar un electrocardiograma (ECG)

    More videos
  • Patient information

    Fibrilación auricular: ¿qué es?

    More Patient information
  • padlock-lockedLog in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer