Cuando vea este tema en otro idioma, podría notar algunas diferencias en la estructura del contenido, pero aún refleja las últimas orientaciones basadas en la evidencia.

Última revisión: 4 Aug 2025
Última actualización: 17 Apr 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • dolor abdominal
  • anorexia
  • náuseas y vómitos
  • sensibilidad a la palpación en el cuadrante inferior derecho
  • abdomen rígido y tenso
  • hipotensión y taquicardia
  • masa palpable

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • edad de presentación
  • fiebre
  • cara sonrojada y hedor
  • disminución de borborigmos
  • taquicardia
  • deposición diarreica
  • estreñimiento
  • signo de Rovsing
  • signo del psoas
  • signo del obturador

Factores de riesgo

  • diferencias en el microbioma apendicular
  • tabaquismo

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • hemograma completo (HC)
  • proteína C-reactiva
  • exploración por tomografía computarizada (TC) abdominal y pélvica

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • ultrasonido de abdomen
  • análisis de orina
  • prueba de embarazo en orina
  • imagen de resonancia magnética (IRM) abdominal y pélvica en el embarazo

Pruebas emergentes

  • ratio de neutrófilos a linfocitos
  • sodio sérico
  • pentraxina-3
  • amiloide A sérico
  • índices plaquetarios

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Colaboradores

Autores

Peter Szasz, MD, PhD, FRCSC

Assistant Professor

Department of Surgery

Queen's University

Kingston

Ontario

Canada

Divulgaciones

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Peter Szasz would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Ali Tavakkoli, Professor Dileep N. Lobo and Dr Nasim Ahmed, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

AT is a consultant for Medtronic. DNL is the author of an article cited in the topic. NA declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

John M. Davis, MD

General Surgery

Jersey Shore Medical Center

Neptune

NJ

Disclosures

JMD declares that he has no competing interests.

Elisabeth Adderson, MD

Associate Member

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Associate Professor of Paediatrics

University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center

Memphis

TN

Disclosures

EA declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Di Saverio S, Podda M, De Simone B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis: 2020 update of the WSES Jerusalem guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 2020 Apr 15;15(1):27.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: right lower quadrant pain - suspected appendicitis. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

Sartelli M, Chichom-Mefire A, Labricciosa FM, et al. The management of intra-abdominal infections from a global perspective: 2017 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2017 Jul 10;12:29.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available here.

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