Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- fuerza muscular fatiga
- ptosis
- diplopía
- disfagia
- disartría
- paresia facial
- debilidad en las extremidades proximales
- disnea
Risk factors
- antecedentes familiares de trastornos autoinmunes
- marcadores genéticos
- tratamiento dirigido contra el cáncer
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- análisis sérico de anticuerpos frente a los receptores de acetilcolina (AChR)
- anticuerpos frente a la tirosina cinasa específica del músculo (MuSK)
- pruebas funcionales respiratorias en serie
Tests to consider
- ensayos de anticuerpos contra el receptor estriado
- estimulación nerviosa repetitiva
- electromiograma (EMG) de fibra aislada
- tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax
Treatment algorithm
crisis miasténica
enfermedad de leve a moderada (clase I a III)
enfermedad grave (clase IV o V) o refractaria
Contributors
Authors
Robert P. Lisak, MD, FRCP (E), FAAN, FANA
Parker Webber Chair in Neurology
Professor of Neurology
Professor of Immunology and Microbiology
Wayne State University School of Medicine
Detroit
MI
Disclosures
RPL is a Data and Safety Monitoring Board Member for the COUR myasthenia gravis clinical trial. RPL is a site principal investigator for clinical trials and a co-author for the clinical trial reports for myasthenia gravis therapies for Alexion, Argenx, and UCB Ra. RPL's institution receives payment for the time spent on these clinical trials. RPL has received book royalties from Oxford University Press and Blackstone, and has carried out consultancy work for Avilar.
Acknowledgements
Dr Robert Lisak would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Andrea Corse and Dr Ami Mankodi, previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
AC and AM declare that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Vern C. Juel, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine (Neurology)
Duke University
Durham
NC
Disclosures
VCJ declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Sanders DB, Wolfe GI, Benatar M, et al. International consensus guidance for management of myasthenia gravis: executive summary. Neurology. 2016 Jul 26;87(4):419-25.Full text Abstract
Narayanaswami P, Sanders DB, Wolfe G, et al. International consensus guidance for management of myasthenia gravis: 2020 update. Neurology. 2021 Jan 19;96(3):114-22.Full text Abstract
Skeie GO, Apostolski S, Evoli A, et al. Guidelines for treatment of autoimmune neuromuscular transmission disorders. Eur J Neurol. 2010 Jul;17(7):893-902.Full text Abstract
Schneider-Gold C, Gajdos P, Toyka KV, et al. Corticosteroids for myasthenia gravis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Apr 18;(2):CD002828.Full text Abstract
Gronseth GS, Barohn R, Narayanaswami P. Practice advisory: thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (practice parameter update). Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2020 Apr 21;94(16):705-9.Full text Abstract
Elovaara I, Apostolski S, van Doorn P, et al. EFNS guidelines for the use of intravenous immunoglobulin in treatment of neurological diseases: EFNS task force on the use of intravenous immunoglobulin in treatment of neurological diseases. Eur J Neurol. 2008 Sep;15(9):893-908.Full text Abstract
Wang L, Huan X, Xi JY, et al. Immunosuppressive and monoclonal antibody treatment for myasthenia gravis: a network meta-analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2019 May;25(5):647-58.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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