Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- erupción
- afectación de la mucosa
- signo de Nikolsky
- ampollas
Factores de riesgo
- pacientes con cáncer activo
- medicamentos anticonvulsivos
- infección reciente
- uso reciente de antibióticos
- otros medicamentos
- lupus eritematoso sistémico
- Pacientes infectados por el VIH
- radioterapia
- antígeno leucocitario humano y predisposición genética
- vacunación contra la viruela
- trasplante de médula ósea
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- biopsia de piel
- hemocultivos
- hemograma completo
- glucosa
- magnesio
- fosfato
- urea
- bicarbonato
- electrolitos séricos
- creatinina sérica
- pruebas de función hepática
- velocidad de sedimentación globular
- proteína C-reactiva
- gasometría arterial y saturación de oxígeno
- radiografía de tórax
- estudios de coagulación
- hisopo de piel lesionada
- Serología de micoplasma
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- inmunofluorescencia directa
Algoritmo de tratamiento
todos los pacientes
Colaboradores
Autores
Areta Kowal-Vern, MD
Adjunct Research Faculty
Arizona Burn Center
Valleywise Health Medical Center
Phoenix
AZ
Disclosures
AK-V performs occasional manuscript reviews on various topics for Research Square, Inc. and the Journal of Burn Care and Research in the US for which she receives a nominal monetary fee. AK-V is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Peer reviewers
Barbara A. Latenser, MD
Director Burn Unit
Department of Surgery
University of Iowa Hospitals
Iowa City
IA
Disclosures
BAL declares that she has no competing interests.
Tina Palmieri, MD
Assistant Chief of Burns
Shriners Hospital
UC Davis
Sacramento
CA
Disclosures
TP declares that she has no competing interests.
Venkat Gudi, MB BS
Consultant Dermatologist
Department of Dermatology
West Suffolk Hospital
Bury St. Edmunds
UK
Disclosures
VG declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Bastuji-Garin S, Rzany B, Stern RS, et al. Clinical classification of cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme. Arch Dermatol. 1993 Jan;129(1):92-6. Abstract
Creamer D, Walsh SA, Dziewulski P, et al. UK guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults 2016. Br J Dermatol. 2016 Jun;174(6):1194-227.Full text Abstract
Seminario-Vidal L, Kroshinsky D, Malachowski SJ, et al. Society of Dermatology Hospitalists supportive care guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Jun;82(6):1553-67. Abstract
Gregory DG. New grading system and treatment guidelines for the acute ocular manifestations of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Ophthalmology. 2016 Aug;123(8):1653-8. Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Erupción por fármacos con eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos (DRESS)
- Dermatitis exfoliativa estafilocócica
- Síndrome de shock tóxico
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Supportive care guidelines for the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults
- Management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in children and young people (0 to 17 years)
More Guidelines
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