Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- sangrado
- ausencia de síntomas sistémicos
- ausencia de medicamentos que causan trombocitopenia
- ausencia de esplenomegalia o hepatomegalia
- ausencia de linfadenopatía
Risk factors
- edad <5 o >65 años
- mujeres en edad fértil
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- HC y frotis de sangre periférica
Tests to consider
- serología del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)
- prueba de aliento o prueba de antígeno en heces para detectar Helicobacter pylori
- serología de hepatitis C
- pruebas de función tiroidea y pruebas de anticuerpos antitiroideos
- inmunoglobulinas cuantitativas
- biopsia/aspiración de médula ósea
- prueba de embarazo
Treatment algorithm
todos los pacientes (niños o adultos): con sangrado que ponen en peligro la vida o los órganos
niño recién diagnosticado
persona adulta con diagnóstico reciente (embarazada o no)
niños: enfermedad crónica o persistente
persona adulta no embarazada: enfermedad persistente o crónica
embarazada: enfermedad persistente o crónica
Contributors
Authors
Hanny Al-Samkari, MD
Division of Hematology/Oncology
Peggy S. Blitz Endowed Chair in Hematology/Oncology
Massachusetts General Hospital
Associate Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston
MA
Disclosures
HA has received research funding to their institution from Agios, Amgen, Novartis, Sobi and Vaderis; and received fees for consulting from Agios, Amgen, Forma, argenx, Novartis, Sobi, Moderna and Pharmacosmos.
Acknowledgements
Dr Al-Samkari would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Marie Scully, Professor Francesco Rodeghiero and Dr Marco Ruggeri, previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
MS received honoraria from Novartis and is the author of a paper cited in this topic. FR received fees for speaking and has been reimbursed by GSK and Amgen, the manufacturer of eltrombopag and romiplostim, for attending several conferences, and also received fees for consulting from GSK and Shionogi. FR and MR are authors of a number of papers cited in this topic.
Peer reviewers
Keith McCrae, MD
Professor
Director of Benign Hematology
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland
OH
Disclosures
KM declares that he has no competing interests.
Sandeep Kumar Rajan, MD
Assistant Professor
Division of Oncology-Hematology
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha
NE
Disclosures
SKR declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Rodeghiero F, Stasi R, Gernsheimer T, et al. Standardization of terminology, definitions and outcome criteria in immune thrombocytopenic purpura of adults and children: report from an international working group. Blood. 2009 Mar 12;113(11):2386-93.Full text Abstract
Provan D, Arnold DM, Bussel JB, et al. Updated international consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019 Nov 26;3(22):3780-817.Full text Abstract
Neunert C, Terrell DR, Arnold DM, et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019 Dec 10;3(23):3829-66.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Pseudotrombocitopenia
- Trombocitopenia congénita
- Trombocitopenia adquirida (p. ej., relacionada con hepatopatía o alcoholismo).
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Primary immune thrombocytopenia in adults: guidelines on diagnosis and treatment
- American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia
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