Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- preocupación excesiva durante al menos 6 meses
- la ansiedad no se limita a otro trastorno de salud mental
- ansiedad que no se debe a medicamentos o sustancias
- tensión muscular
- alteración del sueño
- fatiga
- inquietud
- irritabilidad
- mala concentración
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- cefalea
- sudoración
- mareos
- síntomas gastrointestinales
- dolores musculares
- aumento de la frecuencia cardíaca
- disnea
- temblor
- respuesta de susto exagerada
- dolor torácico
Fatores de risco
- antecedentes familiares de ansiedad
- estrés emocional o físico
- Antecedentes de traumatismo físico, sexual o emocional
- otro trastorno de ansiedad
- afección crónica de la salud física
- sexo femenino
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- diagnóstico clínico
Investigações a serem consideradas
- pruebas de función tiroidea
- cribado de tóxicos en orina
- orina de 24 horas para catecolaminas, metanefrinas, normetanefrinas y creatinina
- pruebas funcionales respiratorias
- electrocardiograma (ECG)
Algoritmo de tratamento
síntomas de ansiedad que cumplen los criterios del DSM-5-TR
síntomas de ansiedad que no cumplen los criterios del DSM-5-TR
Colaboradores
Autores
Philip John Cowen, MD, FRCPsych, FMedSci
Professor of Psychopharmacology
Department of Psychiatry
University of Oxford
Oxford
UK
Declarações
PJC declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimentos
Professor Philip John Cowen would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Christopher Gale, Dr Richard P. Swinson, Dr Elizabeth Hoge, and Dr Phebe Tucker, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
CG is an author of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guideline on social phobia, panic disorder, and generalised anxiety disorder. Otago University has commercial and research relationships with multiple pharmaceutical companies. He is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. RPS has personally received royalties for articles published in UpToDate (Wolters Kluwer) and the Compendium of Therapeutic Choices, 2nd edition (Canadian Pharmacists Association). EH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. PT has conducted research for GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Astra-Zeneca, Cephalon, Inc., and Ortho-McNeil. She has also consulted for Forest Pharmaceuticals and received honoraria from Pfizer, Inc. and Forest Pharmaceuticals.
Revisores
Lori Davis, MD
Research Director
University of Alabama
School of Medicine Tuscaloosa Campus
College of Community Health Sciences
Tuscaloosa
AL
Declarações
LD declares that she has no competing interests.
Arianna Di Florio, MD, PhD
Senior Clinical Lecturer
Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences
Cardiff University
United Kingdom
Declarações
ADF declares that she has no competing interests.
Elaine Lockhart, MD, BCH, BAO
Consultant in Paediatric Liaison Psychiatry
Royal Hospital for Children
Glasgow
United Kingdom
Declarações
EL declares that she has no competing interests.
Créditos aos pareceristas
Os tópicos do BMJ Best Practice são constantemente atualizados, seguindo os desenvolvimentos das evidências e das diretrizes. Os pareceristas aqui listados revisaram o conteúdo pelo menos uma vez durante a história do tópico.
Declarações
As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.
Referências
Principais artigos
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.
Bandelow B, Sher L, Bunevicius R, et al; WFSBP Task Force on Mental Disorders in Primary Care; WFSBP Task Force on Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSD. Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in primary care. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2012 Jun;16(2):77-84. Resumo
Bandelow B, Sagebiel A, Belz M, et al. Enduring effects of psychological treatments for anxiety disorders: meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Br J Psychiatry. 2018 Jun;212(6):333-8.Texto completo Resumo
Slee A, Nazareth I, Bondaronek P, et al. Pharmacological treatments for generalised anxiety disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet. 2019 Feb 23;393(10173):768-77. Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Trastorno de pánico
- Trastorno de ansiedad social
- Trastorno obsesivo compulsivo
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- Treatment and management of mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum
- Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder in adults: management
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Ansiedad: ¿qué tratamientos funcionan?
Ansiedad: ¿qué es?
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