Resumo
Definition
El cerumen es una mezcla de secreciones y células epiteliales exfoliadas. Un tapón de cerumen es una acumulación de cerumen que causa síntomas, como pérdida de la audición, plenitud auricular, otorrea, acúfenos, mareos u otros síntomas, o impide la realización de una evaluación necesaria del conducto auditivo externo, la membrana timpánica o el sistema audiovestibular.[1][Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Acumulación de cerumenReimpreso con autorización de: Hawke M. Ear disease: a clinical guide. Hamilton, London: Decker DTC; 2003 [Citation ends].
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presencia de factores de riesgo
- visualización del cerumen
- pérdida de la audición
- plenitud auricular
Other diagnostic factors
- otorrea
- otalgia
- acúfenos
- tos
- vértigo
Risk factors
- edad >50 o <5 años
- sexo masculino
- conducto auditivo externo estenótico
- síndrome de Down
- uso de bastoncillos de algodón
- uso de una prótesis auditiva
- vivir en una residencia de ancianos
Diagnostic tests
Tests to consider
- audiograma
Treatment algorithm
todos los pacientes
Contributors
Authors
Stephen Wetmore, MD, MBA, FACS
Professor Emeritus
Department of Otolaryngology
West Virginia University School of Medicine
Morgantown
WV
Disclosures
SW declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Rahul K. Shah, MD, FAAP
Associate Professor of Otolaryngology and Pediatrics
Division of Otolaryngology
Children's National Medical Center
Assistant Professor
Otolaryngology and Pediatrics
George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Washington
DC
Disclosures
RKS declares that he has no competing interests.
Seth R. Schwartz, MD, MPH
Director of Research
The Listen For Life Center At Virginia Mason
Otology/Otolaryngology
Department of Otolaryngology
Virginia Mason Medical Center
Seattle
WA
Disclosures
SRS is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Robin Youngs, MD, FRCS
Consultant Otologist
Gloucestershire Royal Hospital
Gloucester
UK
Declarações
RY declares that he has no competing interests.
Créditos aos pareceristas
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Declarações
As afiliações e declarações dos pareceristas referem--se ao momento da revisão.
Referências
Principais artigos
Schwartz SR, Magit AE, Rosenfeld RM, et al. Clinical practice guideline (update): earwax (cerumen impaction). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Jan;156(1_suppl):S1-29.Texto completo Resumo
Roeser RJ, Ballachanda BB. Physiology, pathophysiology, and anthropology/epidemiology of human ear canal secretions. J Am Acad Audiol. 1997;8:391-400. Resumo
Horton GA, Simpson MTW, Beyea MM, et al. Cerumen management: an updated clinical review and evidence-based approach for primary care physicians. J Prim Care Community Health. 2020 Jan-Dec;11:2150132720904181.Texto completo Resumo
Roland PS, Eaton DA, Gross RD, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled evaluation of Cerumenex and murine earwax removal products. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Oct;130(10):1175-7.Texto completo Resumo
Aaron K, Cooper TE, Warner L, et al. Ear drops for the removal of ear wax. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 25;7:CD012171.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Otitis externa
- Queratosis obturans
- Pólipo en el conducto auditivo externo
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisGuidelines
- Clinical practice guideline (update): earwax (cerumen impaction)
Mais GuidelinesPatient information
Cerumen
More Patient information
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