Резюме
Определение
Анамнез и осмотр
Ключевые диагностические факторы
- náuseas y vómitos
- hipertensión
- reflejos osteotendinosos aumentados
Другие диагностические факторы
- dolor y sensibilidad en el cuadrante superior derecho/epigástrico
- malestar general
- cefalea
- edema
- alteraciones visuales
- ictericia
- sangrado
Факторы риска
- raza blanca
- edad materna >35 años
- obesidad
- hipertensión crónica
- diabetes mellitus
- trastornos autoinmunitarios
- migraña
- gestación múltiple
- placentación anormal (p. ej., embarazo molar)
- embarazo previo con preeclampsia con o sin síndrome HELLP
Диагностические исследования
Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь
- hemograma completo (HC) con diferencial, incluidas plaquetas
- frotis de sangre periférica
- transaminasas hepáticas
- nivel de bilirrubina
- nivel total de lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) sérica
- aumento del nivel de ácido úrico
- análisis de orina y cociente proteína/creatinina
- tiempo de protrombina (TP)/tiempo de tromboplastina parcial (TTP)
- nivel de fibrinógeno
- ultrasonido fetal
Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть
- nivel de glucosa sérica
- niveles de creatinina sérica y electrolitos
- nivel de antitrombina
- nivel de haptoglobina
- ultrasonido, tomografía computarizada (TC) o imagen por resonancia magnética (IRM) de la parte superior del abdomen materno
- relación entre la lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) y la aspartato aminotransferasa (AST)
Алгоритм лечения
síndrome HELLP presunto/sospechado
todas las pacientes (HELLP confirmado)
Составители
Авторы
James N. Martin, Jr, MD, FACOG, FAGOS, FAHA, F(H)RCOG
Professor Emeritus of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Maternal-Fetal Medicine
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson
MI
Раскрытие информации
JNM Jr is an obstetrician-gynaecologist and maternal-fetal medicine consultant to BlueCross & BlueShield of Mississippi and the Mississippi Perinatal Quality Collaborative. He is co-director of the Mississippi Maternal Mortality Review Committee. He serves on the Global Operations Advisory Group of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and in 2018-9 he chaired the ACOG Presidential Task Force on Pregnancy and Heart Disease. JNM Jr lectures, teaches, researches, and speaks nationally and internationally on the subjects of hypertensive complications of pregnancy, including HELLP syndrome. He is also the lead author and editor of 'The 2015 compendium for HELLP syndrome: from bench to bedside' (Nova Biomedical Publishers). JNM Jr is an author of several references cited in this topic. He has cited his own papers in this topic.
Выражение благодарностей
Dr James N. Martin Jr would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Marium G. Holland and Dr Alex C. Vidaeff, the previous contributors to this topic.
Раскрытие информации
MGH declares that she has no competing interests. ACV is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Рецензенты
Jerome Yankowitz, MD
Professor and Director
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Iowa City
IA
Раскрытие информации
JY declares that he has no competing interests.
Deirdre Murphy, MD, MRCOG
Professor of Obstetrics
Trinity College
University of Dublin
Consultant Obstetrician
Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital
Dublin
Ireland
Раскрытие информации
DM declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Список литературы
Основные статьи
Martin JN Jr, Blake PG, Perry KG Jr, et al. The natural history of HELLP syndrome: patterns of disease progression and regression. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Jun;164(6 Pt 1):1500-9; discussion 1509-13. Аннотация
Martin JN Jr, Brewer JM, Wallace K, et al. Hellp syndrome and composite major maternal morbidity: importance of Mississippi classification system. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Aug;26(12):1201-6. Аннотация
Martin JN Jr, Rinehart BK, May WL, et al. The spectrum of severe preeclampsia: comparative analysis by HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count) syndrome classification. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Jun;180(6 Pt 1):1373-84. Аннотация
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 222: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Jun 2020 [internet publication].Полный текст
Sibai BM. Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jul;102(1):181-92. Аннотация
Martin JN Jr, Owens MY. Preeclampsia-eclampsia y syndrome de HELLP. In: Romero Arauz JF, Tena Alavez G, Jimenez Solis GA, eds. Preeclampsia - enfermedades hipertensivas del embarazo [in Spanish]. Mexico: McGraw Hill; 2012.
Sibai BL, Ramadan MK, Chari RS, et al. Pregnancies complicated by HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets): subsequent pregnancy outcome and long-term prognosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Jan;172(1 Pt 1):125-9. Аннотация
Duley L, Meher S, Hunter KE, et al. Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Oct 30;2019(10):CD004659.Полный текст Аннотация
Martin JN Jr, Owens MY, Keiser SD, et al. Standardized Mississippi Protocol treatment of 190 patients with HELLP syndrome: slowing disease progression and preventing new major maternal morbidity. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2012;31(1):79-90. Аннотация
Martin JN Jr. Milestones in the quest for best management of patients with HELLP syndrome (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, hepatic dysfunction, thrombocytopenia). Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013 Jun;121(3):202-7. Аннотация
Martin JN Jr, Thigpen BD, Moore RC, et al. Stroke and severe preeclampsia and eclampsia: a paradigm shift focusing on systolic blood pressure. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Feb;105(2):246-54. Аннотация
Sibai BM. Diagnosis, controversies, and management of the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. Obstet Gynecol. 2004 May;103(5 Pt 1):981-91. Аннотация
O'Brien JM, Barton JR. Controversies with the diagnosis and management of HELLP syndrome. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Jun;48(2):460-77. Аннотация
Статьи, указанные как источники
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Отличия
- Hígado graso agudo del embarazo (HGAE)
- Púrpura trombótica trombocitopénica (PTT)
- Síndrome hemolítico urémico atípico (SHUa)
Больше ОтличияРекомендации
- Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management
- ACOG practice bulletin no. 222: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Больше РекомендацииЛифлеты для пациента
Preeclampsia: Preguntas que debe hacer a su médico.
Preeclampsia: ¿Qué es?
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