შეჯამება
განსაზღვრება
ანამნეზი და გასინჯვა
ძირითადი დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები
- previous stay in rural west and central Africa (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)
- previous stay in game parks in east and southern Africa (T b rhodesiense)
- enlarged cervical lymph nodes/Winterbottom sign (T b gambiense)
- chancre (T b rhodesiense)
- disturbances of consciousness and sleep
სხვა დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები
- history of several treatments against malaria with no improvement
- headache
- fever
- fatigue and general malaise
- history of infertility, menstrual disorders, high miscarriage rate (women)
- reduced libido, impotence (men)
- pruritus
- edema
- impaired motor functions
- mental changes
- signs of cardiac failure (T b rhodesiense)
- rash
- hepatosplenomegaly
- sensory disorders
რისკფაქტორები
- exposure to tsetse fly
- living or working in an area with people infected with gambiense trypanosomiasis
- living or working in an area with animals infected with rhodesiense trypanosomiasis
დიაგნოსტიკური კვლევები
1-ად შესაკვეთი გამოკვლევები
- complete blood count
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- serum immunoglobulins (Ig)
- rapid diagnostic tests
- card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT)
- immunofluorescence
- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- chancre aspirate microscopy
- lymph node aspirate microscopy
- blood microscopy
- microhematocrit centrifugation technique
- quantitative buffy coat technique
- mini-anion exchange centrifugation technique (mAECT)
გასათვალისწინებელი კვლევები
- electrocardiogram
- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count
- CSF microscopy
- double centrifugation of CSF
- modified single centrifugation of CSF
- CSF protein
ახალი ტესტები
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-PCR)
- intrathecal immunoglobulin production
- stage biomarkers
- immune trypanolysis
- T b gambiense inhibition ELISA (g-iELISA)
- MRI brain
მკურნალობის ალგორითმი
gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT)
rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT)
relapse
კონტრიბუტორები
ავტორები
Veerle Lejon, PhD
Director of Research
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Montpellier
France
გაფრთხილება:
VL is an author of several references cited in this topic. VL declares that she has no competing interests.
José Ramón Franco, MD, MPH
Medical Officer
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Human African Trypanosomiasis Control Program
World Health Organization
Geneva
Switzerland
გაფრთხილება:
JRF is an author of several references cited in this topic. JRF declares that he has no competing interests.
Pere P. Simarro, MD, PhD
Former head of WHO HAT control and surveillance programme
WHO temporary advisor
World Health Organization
Geneva
Switzerland
გაფრთხილება:
PPS is an author of several references cited in this topic.
რეცენზენტები
Sanjeev Krishna, MA (Cantab), BMChB (Oxon), DPhil, FRCP, ScD (Cantab), FMedSci
Professor of Molecular Parasitology and Medicine
Centre for Infection
Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
St. George's
University of London
London
UK
გაფრთხილება:
SK is a consultant for the Foundation for Innovative Diagnostics, a non-profit organization developing diagnostics for neglected diseases such as HAT. SK is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Mike Barrett, BSc, PhD
Professor
Division of Infection and Immunity
Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences
The Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre
University of Glasgow
Glasgow
UK
გაფრთხილება:
MB declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
წყაროები
ძირითადი სტატიები
World Health Organization. Guidelines for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. Jun 2024 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical care of human African trypanosomiasis. Apr 2024 [internet publication].სრული ტექსტი
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დიფერენციული დიაგნოზები
- Malaria
- Typhoid fever
- Relapsing fever
მეტი დიფერენციული დიაგნოზებიGuidelines
- Guidelines for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis
- Clinical care of human African trypanosomiasis
მეტი გაიდლაინები
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