Summary
Differentials
Common
- Glomerulonephritis
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Systemic vasculitis
- Drug-related creatinine increase
- Contrast-induced acute kidney injury
- Shock
- Volume depletion
- Hypertension
- Congestive heart failure
- Preeclampsia
- Acute interstitial nephritis
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Cardiac surgery
- Nephrectomy
- Renal transplant rejection
- Biologic serum creatinine variation
Uncommon
- Renal vein thrombosis
- Radiation therapy
- Endogenous nephrotoxins (myoglobin, uric acid, calciphylaxis)
- Renal artery stenosis
- Traumatic renal infarction
- Multiple cholesterol emboli syndrome
- Obstructive uropathy
- Creatine supplementation
- Inherited kidney disease
- Methodologic variations of measurement of creatinine
- Assay-interfering substances
Contributors
Authors
Michiko Shimada, MD, PhD, FASN

Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, and Nephrology
Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
Hirosaki
Japan
Disclosures
MS declares that she has no competing interests.
Bhagwan Dass, MD, FACP, FASN

Professor of Medicine
University of Florida
Gainesville
FL
Disclosures
BD declares that he has no competing interests.
A. Ahsan Ejaz, MD, FASN

Professor of Medicine
Division of Nephrology
University of Maryland
VA Maryland Healthcare
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
AAE declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Michiko Shimada, Dr Bhagwan Dass, and Dr A. Ahsan Ejaz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Puneet Sood, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
PS declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Janson Leung, MD
Consultant Nephrologist
Royal Derby Hospital
Derby
UK
利益声明
JL has been reimbursed by Abbott for attending several conferences. JL has also received a fee from Shire for attending an advisory board meeting.
Zvi Talor, MD, FACP
Professor of Medicine
Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Transplantation
University of Florida
Gainesville
FL
利益声明
ZT declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
参考文献
关键文献
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney inter Suppl. 2012 March;2(1):1-138.全文
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes. KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Jan 2013 [internet publication].全文
American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: renal failure. 2020 [internet publication].全文
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
患者教育信息
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