Evaluation of anemia

最后审阅: 11 Jun 2025
最后更新: 24 Sep 2024

小结

鉴别诊断

常见

  • Trauma
  • Acute gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Rupture of a vascular aneurysm
  • Surgery
  • Menorrhagia
  • Iron deficiency
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Folate deficiency
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • Acute myeloid leukemia
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia
  • Hairy cell leukemia
  • Acquired aplastic anemia
  • Infiltration by secondary malignancy
  • Pure red cell aplasia
  • Drug toxicity
  • Anemia of chronic disease
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Chronic liver disease
  • Pregnancy
完整详情

不常见

  • Generalized malnutrition
  • Cytotoxic chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Alcohol misuse
  • Lead toxicity
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • Transfusion reaction
  • Malaria
  • Viral hepatitis
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Parvovirus B19 infection
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  • Sickle cell anemia
  • Thalassemias
  • Hereditary spherocytosis
  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD)
  • Bone marrow failure syndromes
  • Hemolytic uremic syndrome
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Hemangioma
  • Malignant hypertension
  • Prosthetic valves and surfaces
  • Cutaneous burns
完整详情

撰稿人

作者

Robert Zaiden, MD

Hematologist Oncologist

Baptist MD Anderson Cancer Center

Jacksonville

FL

利益声明

RZ declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Robert Zaiden would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Fauzia Rana, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

FR declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Christoph Pechlaner, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Innsbruck Medical University

Innsbruck

Austria

利益声明

CP declares that he has no competing interests.

John Densmore, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Hematology/Oncology

University of Virginia

Charlottesville

VA

利益声明

JD declares that he has no competing interests.

Carlos Aravena, MD

Internal Medicine Instructor

Member of Evidence Based Medicine Unit

Catholic University of Chile

Santiago

Chile

利益声明

CA declares that he has no competing interests.

参考文献

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关键文献

Snook J, Bhala N, Beales ILP, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia in adults. Gut. 2021 Nov;70(11):2030-51.全文  摘要

Ko CW, Siddique SM, Patel A, et al. AGA clinical practice guidelines on the gastrointestinal evaluation of iron deficiency anemia. Gastroenterology. 2020 Sep;159(3):1085-94.全文  摘要

Kulasekararaj A, Cavenagh J, Dokal I, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult aplastic anaemia: a British Society for Haematology guideline. Br J Haematol. 2024 Mar;204(3):784-804.全文  摘要

Bain BJ, Daniel Y, Henthorn J, et al. Significant haemoglobinopathies: a guideline for screening and diagnosis. Br J Haematol. 2023 Jun;201(6):1047-65.全文  摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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